摘要：煤沥青是一种混合物，由多种的稠环化合物和它的多种衍生物组成，它的分子量的范围分布广泛。在通常情况下，为了简便和经济，对于煤沥青的分析研究的方法主要是采用的溶剂提取法。我们把煤焦油沥青分成各自不同的组分，它们的成分类似，性质也相类似，然后我们再对各族的组分进行性能的研究分析。煤沥青中的其中一个族组分就是喹啉不溶物。所谓的喹啉不溶物，其可以被简称为QI,也可以称作a树脂，属于沥青中不溶于喹啉的一些部分。通常我们将煤沥青分为原生QI和次生QI，是通过所含的QI组分生成方式来进行区别分类的。各种实践证明沥青中QI含量的高低,对产品的性能有较大影响,碳素材料行业所需的是一种低QI、高结焦值的的浸渍沥青,因此,研制低QI沥青变得十分必要。本文在综合论述使用溶剂萃取法和静置沉降的综合方法制取低QI的浸渍沥青。溶剂萃取法是通过采用混合溶剂（混合溶剂是由脂肪族类的溶剂和芳香族溶剂共同组成），将混合溶剂加入煤沥青搅拌达到均匀然后加热是温度升高，在脂肪类和芳香类的混合溶剂的共同作用下，煤沥青中的原生QI颗粒相互聚拢抱团，通过自然静置沉降的方法通过时间地推移慢慢下沉，最后在溶液体系中的下层液中沉降聚集下来，通过这样的方式使得煤沥青中的QI组分得到顺利的分离，然后对上层已经脱去大部分QI组分的净化煤沥青运用减压蒸馏的实验方法处理除去其中的有机油溶剂，这样便可制得低含量QI的浸渍沥青。61900

毕业论文关键词：煤沥青  喹啉不溶物（QI）  低QI沥青 溶剂萃取  静置沉降  

Preparation of low QI impregnated asphalt

Abstract: Coal tar pitch is a mixture of many kinds of fused ring compounds and its derivatives, and its molecular weight distribution is very wide. Therefore, the main research method of coal tar pitch is the solvent extraction method. Coal tar pitch is pided into a number of groups, its composition similar, similar in nature, and then the performance of the various components of the study. The insoluble matter is one of the components in the coal tar pitch. The so-called a, which can be referred to as QI resin, also known as the resin, which is not soluble in the part of the asphalt. Based on the formation of the QI component in the coal tar pitch, the QI can be pided into primary QI and secondary QI. Practices prove that high or low QI content in asphalt. The products have a greater impact on the performance, carbon materials industry is a low QI, high coking value of impregnating pitch. Therefore, development of low QI asphalt become very necessary. In this paper, the synthetic method of solvent extraction and static settling was used to prepare low QI impregnated asphalt. Solvent extraction of coal tar pitch is using mixed solvent solvent of lipid and aromatic solvents and the mixed solvent in coal tar pitch and heating to mix it uniformly and in mixed solvent, coal tar contains primary QI particles agglomerate each other. By settling and deposition in the lower level of the solution, so that coal tar pitch in the QI group pided into isolated, of removing QI group of cleaning coal tar pitch further distillation process to remove the solvent oil, can produce low QI content of impregnating pitch.

Key words: coal tar pitch (QI), low QI, solvent extraction, static settling.

目录

1.绪论 1

1.1  沥青的性质 1

1.1.1 沥青的物理性质 1

1.1.2 沥青的化学性质 2

1.1.3 沥青的热力学性质 2

1.2 制取浸渍沥青的意义