摘要：近年来，基于具有纳米结构碳材料的应用研究引起了广泛的关注，尤其是在储氢装置、燃料电池、锂离子电池和超级电容器方面的应用。本文采用电泳沉积法成功制备了NiO/碳纳米管-石墨烯/多孔镍复合电极。主要研究工作包括三个部分：1）将碳纳米管置于混酸中超声，使其羧酸化，然后分散在异丙醇中，最后加入Ni(NO3)2，通过Ni2+在碳纳米管表面的吸附使其所带的电荷由负变正，在电场力的作用下，吸附有Ni2+的碳纳米管移动到阴极(多孔镍)上，与此同时Ni2+被还原成金属镍，在随后的干燥过程中，刚刚还原得到的金属镍被氧化成NiO；2）将氧化石墨烯分散在异丙醇中，加入Ni(NO3)2，通过Ni2+在氧化石墨烯表面的吸附使得氧化石墨烯所带的电荷由负电荷转换成为正电荷，制备了电化学还原的NiO/石墨烯杂化材料。3）在前两步的基础上，采用电泳沉积法来制备NiO/碳纳米管-氧化石墨烯/多孔镍复合电极，并研究了碳纳米管和氧化石墨烯配比以及NiO的含量对复合电极电容性能的影响。63755

毕业论文关键词：碳纳米管，石墨烯，氧化镍，电泳沉积

毕业设计说明书（论文）外文摘要

Title  Preparation of NiO / grapheneand the study of its Electrochemical Capacitance Behavior                                

Abstract

In this paper, NiO/CNTs-graphene composite films were successfully fabricated on nickel foam by electrophoretic deposition (EPD). Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) were firstly carboxylated by ultrasonication in a mixture of concentrated acid and dispersed in ethanol. With Ni(NO3)2 addition, the charges on the CNT surfaces reversed from negative to positive due to the adsorption of Ni2+. The Ni2+-decorated CNTs moved towards the cathode (nickel foam) by electric field force and simultaneously Ni2+ ions bound on the CNTs were reduced to form a metal of Ni. After deposition, the metallic Ni on the as-formed CNT films was oxidized to NiO in the drying process. Graphene oxide (GO) was dispersed in isopropyl alcohol (IPA). With Ni(NO3)2 addition, the charges on the GO surfaces reversed to positive due to the adsorption of Ni2+. Based on the reseach above, NiO/CNTs-graphene composite film electrodes were successfully fabricated by EPD. Various weight ratios of CNTs/GO and the content of NiO was investigated. 

Key words: carbon nanotubes, graphene, NiO, electrophoretic depositio

1 绪论 1

1.1 引言 1

1.2 超级电容器的储能机理 2

1.2.1 双电层电容 2

1.2.2 法拉第赝电容 3

1.3 超级电容器电极材料研究进展 3

1.3.1 碳基材料 3

1.3.2 金属氧化物材料 4

1.3.3 导电聚合物材料 5

1.3.4 复合材料 5

1.4 本文研究思路和内容 7

2 NiO/碳纳米管-石墨烯/多孔镍复合电极的制备 8

2.1 理论背景 8

2.2 实验部分 8

2.2.1 原料与仪器设备 8

2.2.2 实验步骤 9

2.3 结果与讨论 12

2.3.1 FESEM分析 12

2.3.2 CV分析 15