摘要超级电容器是与蓄电池相似而又不同的性能卓越的新型储能元件, 具有功率密度高，使用寿命长，工作温度范围宽，充放电时间十分短，环保污染小和免维护等优点。目前影响超级电容器性能优劣的两大关键因素是电极材料和电解液。金属氧化物作为超级电容器电极材料由于其高的比容量（是碳材料的10-100倍），良好的循环稳定性，成为科研人员研究的热点。基于金属有机骨架（MOFs）而制备的微/纳米金属氧化物具备高的比表面积和丰富的孔结构使其在电池储能方面具有更独特的优势。另外，MOFs在组成方面非常纯粹和均匀，由其制备的金属氧化物在结构与成分上也会非常均匀。84903

    本文采用超声法和水热法合成氰基MOFs微/纳米材料及其与氧化石墨的复合材料，通过煅烧等热分解手段制备复合金属氧化物，并将其作为工作电极用于超级电容器的性能研究。采用SEM，XRD，TGA等表征技术对各阶段产物进行结构和形貌分析，通过循环伏安法、恒流充放电等手段研究了复合金属氧化物的电化学性质。主要研究内容如下：

     (1)利用K2[Ni(CN)4],Fe(BF4)·6H2O和3-Clpy为原料通过超声法制得方块状形貌的氰基MOFs微/纳米晶Fe(3-Cl-pyridine)2[Ni(CN)4]，采用高温煅烧的方法得到了具有多孔结构的Fe2O3/NiO复合氧化物，将其作为工作电极测得其超极电容量为77F/g，循环200圈之后稳步增长到80F/g。

    (2)利用K2[Ni(CN)4],Fe(BF4)·6H2O,3-Clpy和氧化石墨烯为原料进行原位复合，通过水热法制备Fe(3-Cl-pyridine)2[Ni(CN)4]@RGO微/纳米晶, 再经过高温煅烧得到Fe2O3/NiO@RGO复合氧化物，将其用于超电性能测试后发现其电容量为139F/g。这个比容量相比未复合石墨的Fe2O3/NiO氧化物有很大提高，且循环稳定性在200圈之后能保持在75%左右，达到105F/g。

毕业论文关键词:超级电容器；复合金属氧化物；电化学性能

Abstract    Super capacitors and batteries are similar but different superior performance of new energy storage element, having a high power density, long life, wide operating temperature range, charge and discharge time is very short, little environmental pollution and maintenance-free advantages。Two key factors currently affecting the merits of the performance of the supercapacitor electrode are material and an electrolyte。Metal oxides for supercapacitor electrode material due to its high specific capacity (10 to 100 times more carbon material), good cycle stability, has become a hot research of research staff。Micro/nano metal oxide-based metal organic frameworks (MOFs) prepared with a high specific surface area and pore structure so that it has a wealth of more unique advantages in terms of energy storage batteries。On the other hand, MOFs in the composition of very pure and homogeneous metal oxide prepared therefrom will be very uniform in structure and composition。

    In this paper, ultrasonic method and hydrothermal synthesis of MOFs cyano micro /nano materials and their composites with graphite oxide, mixed metal oxides prepared by thermal decomposition means of calcination, and as a working electrode for supercapacitors Properties。Using SEM,XRD,TGA and other characterization techniques for each stage of the product structure and morphology,it were analyzed by cyclic voltammetry, constant current charge-discharge for the electrochemical properties of the composite metal oxide。The main contents are as follows:

    (1) The use of K2[Ni(CN)4], Fe(BF4)·6H2O and 3-Clpy as a raw material by ultrasonic method were square block morphology cyano MOFs micro/nanocrystalline Fe(3-Cl-pyridine)2[Ni(CN)4], the use of calcination methods have been Fe2O3/NiO composite oxide having a porous structure,as a working electrode measured obtaining the super electric capacity of 77F/g, after 200 laps circulation steadily increased to 80F/g。