摘要：本研究针对储存十年的工业硼粉表面氧化层厚、活性低、能量释放不充分等问题，综合采用高能湿法球磨、溶剂提纯法，对工业硼粉氧化层进行剥离，加入纳米铝粉（铝含量10%，20%，30%，40%，50%）对其进行包覆制备成高活性硼粉。扫描电镜结果表明，球磨后硼粉粒径下降，表面变的粗糙，纳米铝粉成功包覆在了硼粉表面。热分析TG-DSC结果表明，包覆后硼粉增重从36%提高到了70%-87%，放热量提高了2-3倍。为检验复合硼粉的活性，配制了硼铝铬酸钡延期药，配比为4%、6%、8%、10%。燃速测试结果表明，硼铝延期药的燃速明显高于原硼延期药，其中铝含量为10%的延期燃速提高最高，配比8%、10%的延期药达到原硼延期药的2.4倍和4.3倍，配比10%的延期药燃速甚至比新出厂的硼粉还提高了40%。63827

毕业论文关键词：硼粉  球磨  包覆  燃速测试  延期药

毕业设计说明书（论文）外文摘要

Title     Synthesis and Characterization of highly reactive  Boron  powder                                            

Abstract In order to resolve the problem of ten years stored industrial boron in surface oxidation, activity decreasing and low energy release rate, this research applied solvent purification and solvent purification to remove the oxidization, and added nano-aluminum powder (mass fraction: 10%, 20%, 30%, 40%, 50%) to fabricate highly active aluminum coated boron powder. According to scanning electron microscope (SEM) results, the milled boron particle diameter was decreased and the particle surface roughness was increased. The SEM images also verified the coating of aluminum on the boron particle surface. Moreover, the thermo gravimetric analysic and differential scanning calorimetry (TG-DSC) results showed that the weigh increasing rate of coated boron powder was from 36% to 70%-87% and the heat release was increased to 2-3 times than naked boron powder. To further test the treated boron powder activity, the experiment of making delay powder by mixing aluminum barium chromate with treated boron powder with the mass fraction of 4%, 6%, 8%, and 10% was designed. Burning rate test results indicated that the burning rate of delay powder based on treated boron powder was distinctly increased than that made of naked boron in which the maximum burning rate existed at the aluminum mass fraction of 10%. Specifically, the burning rate at the aluminum mass fraction of 8% and 10% achieved 2.4 times and 4.3 times of that for the naked boron powder respectively.

Keywords： coating  ball milling  boron   composite  particles   Delay  Composition  

目次

1  绪论 1

1.1  研究背景及意义 1

1.2  高纯度硼粉的制备 2

1.3  硼粉表面处理材料 2

1.4  微粒表面包覆方法 3

1.5  本论文的工作思想 3

2  高活性纳米硼粉的制备 4

2.1  药品 4

2.2  制备仪器 4

2.3  纳米铝粉包覆硼粉的工艺研究 4

2.3.1  包覆剂的选择 4

2.3.2  湿法机械球磨法[19]原理以及设置参数 4

2.3.3  包覆参数 5

2.3.4  复合工艺