摘要：地沟油最主要的来源是现代餐饮业的废弃物，其主要成分为甘油三酯、醛、酮、内 酯和过氧化物等物质。

近些年来，越来越多的人们重视凹凸棒土物化性质中的吸附性能，凹凸棒土具有层链 状结构，呈现的细小棒状，纤维状晶体形态，使其有特殊的物理化学性质。凹凸棒石含有 独特的纳米级孔道，决定了其具有优异的吸附性能。凸棒土的吸附性取决于其较大的表面 积。精细加工后的凹凸棒土是较为理想的吸附剂，可以代替活性炭，它能够脱色，除臭除 味，除重金属离子和致癌物质，还具有一定的选择性。70280

在凹凸棒土中加入正丙胺，经过表面活性剂改性处理后，在马弗炉煅烧过程中，当温 度达到 500℃，凹凸棒土的表面疏松多孔，其空隙面积及其比表面积都会相应增大，但煅 烧温度过高时，凹凸棒土的孔道会发生坍塌，其空隙面积及其比表面积反而会变小。通过 正丙胺改性后的凹凸棒土能将地沟油中的一些金属盐、胶质组分和毒素吸附脱除掉，黄曲 霉素的脱除率甚至可以达到 100％。经此吸附处理后的地沟油，可以作为资源化利用的原 料来生产生物柴油等燃料，从而一定程度上减缓能源危机带来的压力，同时也能解决地沟 油带来的严重的生态环境污染问题。

毕业论文关键词：凹凸棒土，改性，地沟油，脱色

Abstract: The main source of the waste cooking oil modern catering industry, which is mainly composed of triglycerides, aldehydes, ketones, lactones and peroxide and other substances, for due to pollution in the waste oil also contains large amounts of bacteria, fungi and other harmful microbes , arsenic, high levels of lead, the most serious of which is aflatoxin, benzopyrene content high, these two toxins are strong carcinogens.

In recent years, more and more people pay attention to their physical and  chemical properties of the adsorption properties of attapulgite layer having a chain structure, tiny rod-like presentation, fibrous crystal morphology, provide it with special physical and chemical properties. Attapulgite contains a unique nanoscale pores, determine that it has excellent absorption properties. Adsorptive slugs soil depends on its larger surface area. Attapulgite finely processed is an ideal adsorbent, activated carbon can be replaced, it can bleaching, deodorizing odor, in addition to heavy metal ions and carcinogenic substances, but also has a certain selectivity.

Propylamine was added in attapulgite, a modification after surfactant treatment in a muffle furnace  calcination  process,  when  the  temperature  reaches  500 ℃ ,  the  surface  of    porous

attapulgite, its void area and the corresponding increase in the specific surface area will Great, but the calcination temperature is too high, attapulgite tunnel collapse will happen, but it voids its area becomes smaller than the surface area. By attapulgite can propylamine modified cooking oil some salt, gum component and get rid off toxins adsorption, aflatoxin removal rate can even reach 100%. After this adsorption treatment of waste oil can be used as raw material resource utilization to produce bio-diesel and other fuels, thereby slowing the energy crisis caused by the pressure to some extent, but also to solve the serious problem of environmental pollution caused by waste oil .

Keywords: Palygorskite, modification, waste oil, decolorization

目录

1 前言 4

1.1 油品脱色的研究现状 4

1.2 本课题的研究意义 5

2.  凹凸棒土的物化性质及其利用 5