摘要: 合成氨是重要的基础化工产品，是生产化肥的主要原料，也可用于制冷剂。反应气体从冷交换器经合成塔冷却塔换热器回合成塔，通过下部换热器换热后进入废热锅炉，产水蒸气，再分成2股气，1股进换热器换热，另一股进锅炉，和预热器的水换热，后在换热器会合入水冷却器，经过循环水冷却后到氨分离器滤油器后冷交换器，换热压缩经过新鲜循环气然后进滤油器、氨冷器，在被液氨冷凝后再到冷交换器，冷交换器分离后液氨去氨库气体再出塔，到合成塔完成一次循环。79919

本设计对合成氨反应进行了物料和热量衡算，设备选型。绘制了工艺流程图，主要设备图。

本设计是对合成氨合成工段进行设计，以学习的基础专业课为基础，选择合理的工艺流程，合适的工艺设备等。提高实际设计能力；在可行性与合理性两个方面上建立恰当的设计思想。提高运用CAD绘图的能力。

本设计的计算标准：年生产18万吨；年工作日为300天

毕业论文关键词： 物料衡算；氨合成；能量衡算

The Design of 180kt/a Synthetic Ammonia Process

Abstract: Synthetic ammonia is an important basic chemical products, is the main raw material for the production of chemical fertilizers can also be used for refrigerants。The reaction gas is cooled from the cold exchanger to the waste heat boiler through the lower heat exchanger, and the steam is produced。 The steam is pided into two strands of gas and one share into the heat exchanger。 A share into the boiler, and the preheater of the water heat transfer, after the heat exchanger will be combined into the water cooler, after the cooling water to the ammonia separator after the oil filter after the cold exchange, heat transfer through the fresh cycle gas and then into Oil filter, ammonia cooler, condensed by liquid ammonia and then to the cold exchanger, cold exchange after separation of liquid ammonia to ammonia gas and then out of the tower, to the synthesis tower to complete a cycle。

The design of the synthesis of ammonia for the material and heat balance, equipment selection。 Drawing the process flow chart, the main equipment map。

The design of the synthetic ammonia synthesis section is designed to learn the basis of professional courses based on the choice of a reasonable process, the appropriate process equipment。 Improve the actual design ability; in the feasibility and rationality of the two aspects of the establishment of appropriate design ideas。 Improve the ability to use CAD drawings。

The design of the calculation criteria: the annual production of 180,000 tons; annual working days of 300 days

Keywords: ammonia synthesis section; material balance accounting; energy balance accounting

目录

1 文献综述 1

1。1 氨的性质 1

1。2 氨的用途 2

1。3 合成氨发展概况 2

1。4 合成氨操作条件的选择 3

1。4。1 压力 3

1。4。2 温度 3

1。4。3 空间速度 4

1。4。4 合成塔进塔气体组成 4

1。4。5 催化剂 5

1。5 合成氨的原理流程论述 5

2 工艺流程设计 6

2。1 工艺路线及其基本原理 6

2。1。1 工艺路线 6

2。1。2 化学反应