摘要纯钛及其合金作为重要结构功能材料广泛应用于航空航天、石油化工、生物工程 和医学医疗等领域。先进表面处理技术在钛及钛合改性处理得到不断发展，但是工艺 因素和材料因素仍然是影响钛及其合金表面镀层性能的主要因素，特别是钛合金表面 的氧化膜对在钛上进行化学镀或者电镀造成了困难。81348

鉴于此，本文以阳极氧化多孔钛为研究对象，试图通过多孔钛基表面化学镀 Ni-P 来改善钛表面物理化学性能。研究 H3PO4、H2SO4 等不同体系的阳极氧化液来对比研 究多孔钛的成膜特性，以此后续化学镀提供具有多孔特征的钛基体。同时，优化化学 镀过程中的工艺参数（温度、pH 值），来制备组织结构致密且界面结合力良好的化 学镀层。借助 XRD，FE-SEM、涂层附着力划痕仪等测试手段对多孔钛表面化学镀 Ni-P 镀层的微观形貌、组织结构和相成分进行表征，以揭示工艺参数对 Ni-P 镀层微 观结构的内在关联。

用阳极氧化的电化学方法在 TA2 钛基质表面制备均匀分布的钛纳米孔，通过一 系列活化、敏化、化学镀步骤将活化好的钛纳米孔膜进一步进行离子交换反应得到 Ni-P 化学镀层。此过程中，在阳极氧化过程中要注意选择合适的电解液配方及控制 电参数设置，此外化学镀中活化程度（温度）对化学镀有着极大的影响，本实验中选 择的敏化-活化-化学镀采用了离子型钯活化工艺。

为了检验镀层的性能，通过 X 射线衍射仪（XRD）、场发射扫描电镜（FE-SEM） 对其进行织构分析及表面形貌研究，并通过纳米划痕仪进行纳米压痕测试，研究镀膜 的硬度性能。测试结果表明：多孔 Ti/Ni-P 镀层的界面结合力、韧性等性能得到明显 提升，同时规整的纳米结构还有助于提高钛基材料的耐腐蚀、耐高温氧化性能。

毕业论文关键词：多孔钛；阳极氧化；化学镀 Ni-P；组织性能

Abstract Titanium and its alloys that acted as an important structural materials are widely used in aerospace, petrochemical, bio-medical engineering, the medical field, etc。 Advanced surface treatment technology in titanium and titanium alloy modification treatment has been continuously developed, but the process factors and material factors are still the main factors influencing the performance of surface coating of titanium and its alloys。 Titanium oxide film on the titanium surface caused difficulties of the electroplating。

In view of this, we consider the anodic oxidation porous titanium as the research object,plating Ni-P coating through porous titanium surface to improve physical and chemical properties of titanium surface。Study of different system like H3PO4/H2SO4 of anodic oxidation liquid to comparing the film-forming properties of porous titanium, so as to provide the follow-plating with the characteristics of porous titanium substrate。 At the same time, optimizing the process of chemical plating process parameters (temperature, pH), to prepare a dense structure and good interfacial adhesion of electroless plating。By means of XRD, FE-SEM, coating adhesion scratch test instrument to test porous titanium surface electroless Ni-P coating microstructure and to observe morphology, structure and phase composition, which were characterized to reveal the process parameters on the microstructure of Ni-P plating internal association structure。

Through electrochemical anodic oxidation for TA2 to prepare porous substrate surface, a series of activation, sensitization-activation and electroless were carried out to achieve a good titanium poreous membrane for better exchanging reaction Ni-P electroless plating。 In this process, in the anodizing process, we should pay attention to select the appropriate electrolyte formula and electrical control parameter settings, what’s more, chemical plating activation degree (temperature) for electroless plating has a great impact on the process。 Therefore, we selected sensitization-activation-plating involved in palladium activation process。