摘要钴镍是非常重要的战略性资源，在工业上应用广泛。在我国，钴镍资源十分匮乏， 钴镍废料的回收利用有重要的现实意义。本文以典型的电池工业钴镍废液为钴镍回收 原料，通过黄钠铁矾法预处理，将废液中各种形态的铁的全部转化为高价铁并沉淀； 以 P204 除去残余的微量铁，分离钴镍和其他金属离子，萃余相以 P507 萃取分离钴和 镍；萃取相中的钴通过稀盐酸的反萃取进入无机相，P507 萃余相和反萃取无机相中 的镍和钴以草酸沉淀，分别得到草酸钴和草酸镍。通过计算草酸钴和草酸镍的质量评 价钴镍回收率。83547

实验结果表明，选用黄钠铁矾法进行除铁，铁的除去率达到 98%，除去了废液中 绝大部分的铁，对钴镍的回收率均在 90%左右，有效地分离了钴镍与铁。

利用溶剂萃取法对除铁后的废液进行深度除杂，选取 P204 为萃取剂，磺化煤油 为稀释剂，通过对萃取剂浓度和皂化率进行单因素的考察，确定了最优的工艺条件。 在皂化率为 70%、萃取剂配比为 P204 与磺化煤油体积比为 1:9，P204 对废液中杂质 离子的萃取率均在 95%以上，对钴镍的回收率在 90%以上，除杂效果好。利用 P507 对钴镍进行萃取分离，同样对萃取剂浓度与萃取剂皂化率进行单因素考察，在皂化率 为 50%、萃取剂配比为 P504 与磺化煤油体积比为 2:8。萃取实验得出，钴的回收率 达到 97。6%，镍的回收率达到 91。0%，分离效果好。

采用质量分析法，以草酸盐为沉淀剂，调节 pH 至 1。5，钴镍分别以草酸钴、草 酸镍的沉淀，经计算得到钴的总收得率为 74。8%，镍的总收得率为 65。6%。

毕业论文关键词：钴，镍，废料，深度除杂，有机溶剂萃取

ABSTRACT Cobalt nickel is a very important strategic resource, and it is widely used in industry。 In our country, cobalt and nickel resources are very scarce, and the recovery and utilization of cobalt and nickel has important practical significance。 In this paper, the typical battery industry Co and Ni waste liquid is used as the raw material for the recovery of cobalt and nickel, by pretreatment with sodium jarosite method, The waste liquid in a variety of forms of iron into a high price of iron and precipitation; P204 removal of residual trace iron, separation of cobalt and nickel and other metal ions, extraction and separation of cobalt and nickel by P507 extraction; The cobalt in the extraction phase is extracted into the inorganic phase through the reverse extraction of dilute hydrochloric acid。 The nickel and cobalt in the P507 extraction phase and the reverse extraction inorganic phase are precipitated by oxalic acid, respectively, and the cobalt oxalate and the nickel oxalate are obtained。 Cobalt nickel recovery rate was evaluated by calculating the quality of cobalt oxalate and oxalic acid。

The results show that, the selection of yellow sodium jarosite method for removing iron, iron removal rate reached 98%, remove the waste liquid in the vast majority of the iron。 The direct yield of cobalt and nickel is about 90%, and the effective separation of cobalt nickel and iron。

The waste liquid after iron removal depth impurity removal, the selection of P204 as extraction agent, kerosene as diluent by single factor investigation of extractant concentration and the saponification rate to determine the optimal process conditions by using solvent extraction method。 When the ratio of the extraction agent was 70%, the ratio of extraction reagent to P204 and the volume ratio of sulfonated kerosene to 1:9, the extraction rate of the impurities in the waste liquid of P204 was above 95%, the recovery rate of cobalt and nickel was more than 90%, and the removal efficiency was good。 The extraction and  separation of cobalt  and  nickel by P507  were  carried  out  with the  same