摘要控制网具有控制全局，防止误差累积以及提高测量精度的作用，以控制网为基础进行各项测绘工作。控制网分为平面控制网和高程控制网。平面控制测量是为了确定各个控制点的平面坐标，从而在测量平差基础理论下对测量数据进行一系列的整理、分析、计算和控制网精度评定工作。随着测绘科学技术和计算机技术的不断发展，可以根据控制网的平差规律，利用计算机语言进行编程，实现导线网平差的自动化。73885

本课题的研究目的是解决测绘外业测量中单节点导线网平差问题。课题主要研究了导线网的数据结构、计算平差值和精度的评定，其中包含数据的录入、输出的方式以及数据的管理和保存等内容。利用Visual Basic 6。0编程环境进行相关内容的程序设计，设计成果实现了单节点导线网平差的自动化和高精度。用户可根据实际需要进行数据录入，从而解决实际问题的平差计算。

毕业论文关键词：控制网；单节点导线网；程序设计；平差计算

Abstract Control network with control global, prevent the error accumulation and improve the accuracy of measurement, based on control network for the surveying and mapping work。 Control network is pided into plane control network and elevation control network。 Plane control measurement is to determine the plane coordinates of each control point, so as to carry out a series of finishing, analysis, calculation and control network accuracy evaluation of the measurement data in the basic theory of measurement。 With the continuous development of surveying and mapping science and technology and computer technology, can according to the law adjustment of control network, using computer programming language, realize the automation of wire net adjustment。

  The purpose of this study is to solve the problem of adjustment of single node traverse network in surveying and Mapping Surveying。 The topic mainly studies the data structure of the traverse network, the calculation of the level difference and the accuracy of the evaluation, including data input, output mode and data management and preservation。Using Visual Basic 6。0 programming environment to the related content of program design, design achievement has realized the single node traverse net adjustment of automation and high precision。 Users can according to the actual need for data entry, so as to solve the actual problem of adjustment is calculated。

Key words：control network; Single node traverse network; Program design;  Adjustment calculation

目   录

摘   要 I

Abstract II

1  绪  论 1

1。1  研究目的及意义 1

1。2  国内外研究现状 1

1。3主要研究内容和结构 2

2  控制测量基本理论研究 3

2。1  控制测量概述 3

2。1。1  平面控制测量 3

2。2  导线测量 3

2。2。1  单节点导线网的布设方法 4

2。2。2  导线的观测 4

3  单节点导线网平差的数据分析与描述 5

3。1  测量平差概述 5

3。1。1  测量平差的数学模型 5

3。2  单节点导线网的平差