摘要炮口制退器是一种炮口装置，是炮身的一个组成部分，用来控制后效期火药气体流量分配、气流方向和气流速度。主要作用是减少射击时火药气体作用于后坐部分的冲量来减小火炮后坐动能和炮架的射击载荷。但是同时会带来炮口冲击波和噪声等不利影响对炮手和火炮的设备造成伤害。本文主要内容有在给定条件下根据传统的半理论半经验的效率计算方法以及参考火炮设计手册初步大致确定满足给定要求的冲击式炮口制退器的结构参数，采用CFD技术对炮口制退器流场进行仿真与分析。69433

采用非定常无粘欧拉方程建立带炮口装置、无弹丸作用、无初始流场的计算模型。火炮膛内采用结构网格划分，其他部分采用非结构网格划分，使用有限体积法对方程进行数值计算，得到流场分析结果，对制退器的效率进行计算。改变模型冲击板直径大小做对比分析，对满足效率条件的炮口制退器做强度分析，绘制工程图。 

毕业论文关键词  炮口制退器  炮口流场  数值仿真  效率计算

毕业设计说明书外文摘要

Title    The muzzle brake structure and flow field analysis

Abstract

Muzzle brake is an important muzzle device which is a part of the gun, used to control the aftereffect period of powder gas flow distribution and air velocity, airflow direction.Main effect is to reduce the fire when the gunpowder gas applied to recoil impulse of part to reduce artillery recoil momentum and cannon fire load.But at the same time will bring the muzzle blast wave and noise adverse effects such as harm the gunner and artillery equipment. In this dissertation, the main contents includes Design the muzzle brake structural parameters under given conditions according to traditional theory and experience calculation method of the efficiency and refer to the artillery design manual , using CFD technology to the muzzle brake flow field in the simulation and analysis.

 The inviscid Euler equations were applied to set up the model of the muzzle flow field with muzzle brake,no pill and no initial flow field.The domain of the flow in gun was meshed with structured grids,the domain of the other flow was meshed with unstructured grids and the equations were solved with a finite volume method.The flow field analysis results was obtained and calculated the efficiency.Changing model size do comparative analysis.Analysised the strength of the muzzle brake which satisfied Efficiency requirements and drawed engineering drawings

Keywords Muzzle brake muzzle blast flow numerical simulation  efficiency  calculation

目   次

1  绪论 1

1.1  研究的背景与意义 1

1.2  国内外研究现状 1

1.3  本文所做主要工作 2

2  炮口制退器及炮口流场简介 3

2.1  炮口装置概述 3

2.2  炮口制退器的分类 3

2.3  炮口流场特性 4

2.3.1  初始流场 4

2.3.2  火药气体流场 4

3  冲击式炮口制退器结构参数的初步确定 5

3.1  制退器传统的效率计算方法 5

3.2  炮口制退器结构设计原则 7

3.3  影响冲击式炮口制退器性能的结构参数 8

3.4  冲击式炮口制退器结构参数的初步确定 9

4  计算流体力学简介12

4.1  引言12

4.2  控制方程12

4.3  数值方法12