前代低氮锻炼对后代小麦产量和氮素吸收利用的影响
毕业论文关键词：小麦；低氮锻炼；产量；氮素同化；氮素利用；
Effect of Parental Low nitrogen Hardening on Grain Yield and Nitrogen Utilization of Offspring Wheat Plant
Abstract: Excessive nitrogen (N) input is one of key problems in current crop production, which result in lower N utilization efficiency (NUE) and severe environment risk. However, N deficiency will result in growth inhabitation and yield loss especially for mordent crop cultivars due to its more N requirement. So improving low N adaptability of mordent wheat will be useful strategy to promote NUE as well as N management. In this study, two wheat cultivars, YM158 (low N tolerant) and YM16 (low N sensitive), were tested under continuous zero N supply conditions to get new generations (G1, G2) in field experiment. Then G0, G1, G2 were selected to study the impact of low N hardening on plant growth, grain yield and NUE. The results showed that low nitrogen hardening significantly increase gain yield and NUE of YM16, but had no highly impact for YM158. Moreover, low nitrogen hardening also increased grain number per spike and grain weight for G1 and G2 of YM16, but had no significant effect on panicle number. The leaf area of per stem at booting stage, net photosynthetic rate (Pn) and dry matter accumulation after anthesis, and nitrogen accumulation from jointing to anthesis had been improved dramatically after low nitrogen hardening in YM16. The low nitrogen hardening also improves activities of Nitrate Reductase(NR) activity and Glutamine Synthetase(GS) activity after booting. The results indicate that the impact of low nitrogen hardening on grain yield and NUE vary with wheat cultivars, and low N sensitive cultivar exhibits more hardening effects in grain yield and NUE by improving nitrogen utilization capacity before anthesis and photosynthetic productivity after anthesis.
Key words: Wheat; Low nitrogen hardening; Grain yield; Nitrogen utilization efficiency
目录
摘要： 2
关键词： 2
Abstract: 2
Key words: 3
引言 3
1材料与方法 4
1.1试验设计 4
1.2测定项目与分析方法 4
1.2.1产量及产量构成因素 4
1.2.2干物质积累量 4
1.2.3氮含量、氮素积累量及氮效率 4
1.2.4单茎叶面积 4
1.2.5叶绿素含量 5
1.2.6净光合速率 5
1.2.7硝酸还原酶（NR）和谷氨酰胺合成酶（GS）活性 5
1.3 数据处理与分析 5
2 结果与分析 5
2.1 前代低氮锻炼对后代小麦产量及产量构成因素的影响 5
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