摘    要潮滩湿地作为我国重要的滨海湿地的类型之一，具有环境调节功能和经济价值。线虫是底泥中最丰富的后生动物，因其特有的生物特性，可作为湿地健康指示生物。为了研究其不同生境下底栖线虫的群落结构和多样性，本研究选取了杭州湾地区慈溪一带的潮滩湿地作为研究地点，沿高到低的高程梯度，分别选择芦苇群落、互花米草草群落、海三棱藨草群落和光滩四种典型的生境类型来研究。结果显示：1。共记录杭州湾滩涂湿地线虫32属，隶属于2纲6目22科，并对其特征进行简述；2。不同生境下土壤线虫的密度存在显著性差异，低潮滩明显高于其他生境，而中潮滩互花米草群落中线虫密度相对最少；3。不同生境下线虫的香农多样性、均匀度和优势度没有显著性差异；4。 MDS排序结构分析显示，不同高程的生境下，线虫群落结构存在显著差异。89925

Abstract Tidal flat wetland is one of the important types of coastal wetlands in China, with environmental regulation and economic value。 Because of their unique biological characteristics, nematodes which are the most abundant metazoan in sediment can be used as a biological indicator of soil health。 In order to study the community structure and persity of benthic nematodes in different habitats, the tidal flat wetland in Cixi area of Hangzhou Bay was selected as the research site。 Along the height gradient, we choose the Phragmites australis community, Spartina alterniflora community, Scirpus mariqueter community and mudflats。 The results show: 1。 A total of 32 families of wetland nematodes in Hangzhou Bay were recorded, belonging to 2 orders, 6 orders and 22 families, and their characteristics were briefly described;　2。 There were significant differences in the density of soil nematodes in different habitats, and the low tidal flat was significantly higher than that of other habitats, while the densities of the mid - tidal flat were the least;　3。 According to the community ecology index, there was no significant difference in the persity of nematodes among different habitats;　4。 The results of MDS sequencing showed that there were apparent differences in nematode community structure under different elevation habitats。

毕业论文关键词：潮滩湿地；底栖线虫；线虫分类； 群落结构； 多样性；杭州湾 

  Keyword: tidal flat wetland; benthic nematode; nematode classification; community structure; persity; Hangzhou Bay

目    录

1．引言 4

1。1湿地的研究意义 4

1。2杭州湾的概况 4

1。3线虫作为土壤健康指示生物 4

2。材料与方法 5

2。1研究地点： 5

2。2土样的采集与处理 5

2。3 线虫分离与计数 6

2。4脱水与制片： 6

2。5鉴定与摄像： 7

2。6。数据处理 7

３。结果与分析 8

3。1线虫属的组成 8

3。2底栖线虫的密度 10

3。3 底栖线虫的多样性 11

3。4底栖线虫的群落结构 13

４讨论 13

参考文献 15

致谢 16

附录：杭州湾滩涂湿地自由生活线虫属图集