XPC对苏淮哺乳仔猪肠道发育的影响
毕业论文关键词：XPC；哺乳仔猪；肠道发育；酵母培养物
Effect of XPC on Intestinal Development in Suhuai Suckling Piglets
Abstract：The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of Yeast culture (YC) on intestinal development in Suhuai suckling piglets. 12 Suhuai piglets, which were born seven days, were randomly pided into two groups, each group of six. Control group (C group) was fed with normal creep feed. In the the experimental group (YC group), 10% YC (Diamond V XPC) was added to the control group. Piglets were fed from 14 days of age to 30 days of age (weaning). All piglets on the day of weaning were slaughtered and the tissue morphology of jejunum and ileum were observed. The results showed that there was no significant difference in the villus height, crypt depth and villus height/crypt depth of jejunum between the two groups (P>0.05). The villus height and crypt depth of ileum in the YC group were significantly higher than those in the control group (P<0.01), increased by 12.7% and 20.1% respectively. There was no significant difference in the villus height/crypt depth of ileum between the two groups (P>0.05). The results suggested that XPC could promote the intestinal development of Suhuai suckling piglets.
Key words:XPC；suckling piglets；intestinal development；yeast culture
目 录
摘要1
关键词1
Abstract1
Key words1
引言（或绪论）1
1 材料与方法2
1.1 试验材料2
1.1.1 试验动物与分组2
1.1.2 酵母培养物2
1.1.3 日粮成分及营养组成3
1.2 试验方法3
1.2.1 试验设计3
1.2.2 饲养管理3
1.2.3 测定指标3
1.3 小肠形态观察4
1.3.1 组织包埋程序4
1.3.2 组织石蜡切片的制作4
1.3.3 常规苏木精—伊红（H.E.）染色4
1.3.4 测定肠绒毛高度和隐窝深度4
1.4 数据分析5
2 结果与分析5
2.1 XPC对哺乳仔猪肠道发育的影响5
2.2 H.E.染色结果5
3 讨论6
4 结论8
致谢8
参考文献8
XPC对苏淮哺乳仔猪肠道发育的影响
肠道不仅是动物消化和吸收营养物质的重要部位，而且是阻止病原微生物等侵袭的免疫屏障[1]。哺乳仔猪肠道发育尚未健全，一方面，使得仔猪对母乳和日粮的消化和吸收能力不足，另一方面，在遇到病原微生物等感染时，容易导致仔猪腹泻问题的发生，防治不当会引起疾病传播和死亡，严重影响了养猪业的发展。小肠的消化吸收能力和免疫屏障功能可以通过肠道的形态学变化来进行反映。哺乳仔猪腹泻往往与肠道发育过程中肠绒毛的变短、非正常脱落、隐窝的加深等有关。文持肠道健康发育是仔猪生长发育的前提，也是预防仔猪腹泻问题发生的关键所在。因此，促进哺乳仔猪肠道健康发育尤为重要。
目前，治疗哺乳仔猪腹泻主要采用抗生素。然而长期应用抗生素所造成的耐药性问题和过量应用抗生素所引起的药物残留问题日益突出，寻找抗生素替代品迫在眉睫。通过益生素、益生元和合生元来预防哺乳仔猪腹泻并解决应用抗生素所带来的耐药性和药物残留问题已经成为现阶段的研究热点，其中包括酵母产品。酵母培养物（Yeast culture，简称YC）的生产可以追溯到20世纪20年代中期，它是指采用特殊的生产工艺让酵母菌在特定培养基上充分发酵而形成的代谢产物，富含蛋白质、核酸、核苷酸、寡糖、有机酸、酶类及未知生长因子等营养和功能性物质[2]。Shen等研究表明，在断奶仔猪日粮中添加5g/kgYC能够提高仔猪空肠的绒毛高度以及绒毛高度与隐窝深度之比，并且改善了断奶仔猪的肠道免疫功能，YC组和抗生素（AGP）组的饲喂效果相似[3]。彭一凡等认为给断奶仔猪饲喂YC不仅能够提高仔猪的采食量和消化率，而且能够预防仔猪腹泻问题的发生[4]。YC对断奶仔猪肠道发育的影响的研究居多，但是对哺乳仔猪肠道发育的影响的报道较少。故而本试验以苏淮哺乳仔猪为研究对象，通过组织学方法，比较普通教槽料和在普通教槽料中添加10%YC（达农威XPC，Diamond V XPC）的饲喂效果，探讨YC对哺乳仔猪小肠发育的影响，为YC在哺乳仔猪上的应用提供一定的理论基础。