摘  要：本文研究了菇渣还田对于后茬黄瓜根围土壤中氮元素的影响。在草菇-黄瓜轮作模式中，我们分别在菇渣翻耕前，菇渣翻耕后1天、1周、3周、7周、11周、15周采集黄瓜根围土壤进行检测。结果表明菇渣对土壤中氮的影响比较显著，其中全氮含量相对于对照组在一天后下降了0.9%,从第1周到第15周分别增加了4.3%、4.4%、3%、3.4%、4.5%。碱解氮含量均高于对照组,1周后和3周后相对于对照组变化比较显著，分别增加了17.7%,26.2%。脲酶吸光值和酶活都是负数，脲酶酶活力变化与土壤全氮、碱解氮的变化不协调，这些与预期的实验结果相反，需对测定酶活的过程进行改正。综上所述，草菇菇渣还田能更好地为土壤提供持续的氮素营养，对实际生产具有指导意义。57579

毕业论文关键词：瓜菇轮作，菇渣，氮，脲酶

Abstract: In this study we aimed to detect the impacts of mushroom on the content of nitrogen  of cucumber rhizosphere soil after treated. First soil samples were collected 1 day before treated and 1 day, 1 week, 3 week, 7 week, 11 week and 15 week post treated. Then the content of phosphorus was detected. Based on the results we can indicated that the mushroom residue has significant impact on the rhizosphere soil. The content of total nitrogen decreased by 0.9% on 1day.And the content of total nitrogen among 1 week to 15 week post treated increased 4.3%、4.4%、3%、3.4%、4.5% compared to the control. And alkaline hydrolysis nitrogen was higher than the control. The alkaline hydrolysis nitrogen increased 17.7% 、26.2% among 1 week to 3 week post treated.Both absorbance value of urease and the enzyme activity are negative. The changes of urease activity、total nitrogen and alkaline hydrolysis nitrogen were not coordinate,which was not according to the expected result. The determination of enzyme activity was corrected.Above all, the mushroom residue could provide continue nitrogen for rhizosphere soil.These data will provide theoretical guidance for practical production.

Keywords: melon mushroom rotation, mushroom residue, N, urease 

目   录

1  引言 3

2  材料与方法 3

2.1试验设计 3

2.1.1 介绍草菇-黄瓜轮作模式 3

2.1.2 土壤采集方式 4

2.1.3 肥力检测方法 4

2.1.4 酶活测定原理及方法 4

2.1.5 数据分析 4

3  结果与分析 5

3.1 不同采样时间土壤肥力指标的变化情况 5

3.1.1 不同采样时间全氮指标的变化情况 5

3.1.2 不同采样时间碱解氮指标的变化情况 6

3.2 不同采样时间土壤脲酶指标的变化情况 5

3.2.1 不同采样时间脲酶吸光值、酶活的变化情况 5

3.3 不同采样时间土壤脲酶与土壤中全氮和碱解氮的关系 5

结  论 7

参考文献 8

致  谢 9

 1  引言

农作物秸秆是农业生产中的主要副产品[1]，而中国拥有丰富的农作物秸秆资源。目前，秸秆的用途大致分为四个方面：①作为工业原料，主要用于工业造纸②畜牧饲料③肥料，造肥还田④农村生活燃料[2]。上述秸秆利用方法存在很多弊端，如用秸秆制肥料，秸秆中的营养元素，特别是氮、磷、钾的利用率很低等。如果秸秆得不到有效的利用，一方面会导致资源的巨大浪费，另一方面会破坏城乡环境。因此利用秸秆栽培草菇则可以有效避免上述弊端。