摘要随着现代移动通信的快速发展，人们已经越来越离不开移动通信。智能天线技术作为移动通信系统的关键技术之一也得到了快速的发展与改进，在移动通信系统中发挥着巨大的作用。 

智能天线的核心技术之一是自适应波束形成算法，本文重点研究了自适应波束形成算法。首先介绍了智能天线的研究背景和研究现状，分析其优点，并简单阐述了本文的内容安排。

其次简单介绍智能天线的基本结构、工作原理和分类，在此基础上分析了阵列信号模型，详细介绍了波束形成技术。86208

然后，详细描述和推导了波束成形算法准则：最小均方误差准则、最大似然准则、最大信干比准则、最小方差准则以及最小二乘准则，分析了各自的优缺点。

最后，对几种经典自适应波束形成算法：共轭梯度法、采样矩阵求逆算法、最小均方算法和递归最小二乘算法进行深入研究和仿真实验。由实验结果分析可知：各个算法都能够在期望信号方向上产生主瓣，在干扰信号方向上产生零陷或旁瓣，达到了实验的预期目标，具有较好的算法收敛性能，可以满足实际应用的需求

毕业论文关键词: 智能天线；波束成形；LMS算法；RLS算法

Abstract With the rapid development of modern mobile communication, people have become more and more dependent on mobile communication。 And one of the core technologies of mobile communication system: smart antenna has been a rapid development and improvement, and has played a huge role in the mobile communication system。

One of the core technologies of smart antenna is adaptive beam-forming algorithm。 This thesis focuses on the adaptive beam-forming algorithm。 Firstly, the research background and research status of smart antenna are introduced, and the advantages of the smart antenna are analyzed, and the contents of this paper are discussed。 

Secondly, the basic structure, working principle and classification of the smart antenna are introduced briefly。 Based on the analysis of the array signal model, the beam forming technology is introduced in detail。

Thirdly, this paper makes a detailed description and derivation of the beam-forming algorithm criteria: minimum mean square error criterion, maximum likelihood, maximum signal to interference ration the criterion, minimum variance and least squares, and analyzes the advantages and disadvantages。

Finally, several classical adaptive beam forming algorithms, which include conjugate gradient method, sample matrix inversion algorithm, least mean square algorithm and recursive least squares algorithm, are researched and simulated。 From the experimental results, we can know that all algorithms are able to produce main lobe in the direction of the desired signal, generate null or side lobe in the direction of interference signal, achieve the desired objectives, have better convergence performance and can meet the needs of practical application。

Key words: Smart Antenna; Beam-forming; LMS algorithm; RLS algorithm

目录

第一章绪论 1

1。1研究背景 1

1。2研究现状 1

1。3 智能天线的优点 3

1。4本文主要内容和章节安排 4

第二章 智能天线基本介绍 5

2。1智能天线的基本结构及工作原理 5

2。1。1智能天线基本结构 5

2。1。2智能天线基本原理 5

2。2智能天线的分类