摘要以太网自20世纪70年代诞生以来,一直处于飞速发展的状态,并且以太网的应用也逐渐扩展到社会的各个方面。目前,以太网是现有的局域网络采用的最为通用的通信协议标准。自从千兆网络出现并且逐渐普及,计算机对以太网控制器的要求也越来越高。以太网的核心是介质访问控制层(MAC)和物理层(PHY),其中介质访问控制层就属于OSI协议模型的数据链路层。86501
传统的以太网控制器采用的是嵌入式技术,而本次的设计将使用FPGA的设计代替传统的专用集成电路(ASIC)。FPGA经过几十年的发展也逐渐在电路设计中得到普及,它的优势得到了很大程度的利用。在这次的设计中,主要就是采用Quartus II软件,针对以太网MAC控制器进行FPGA的实现,主要是各个模块代码的编写,搭建MAC中数据发送模块的工作流程。
在本次设计中,主要完成了数据发送模块中CRC校验、随机数生成以及发送状态机的代码编写与实现。数据发送模块的重点在于发送状态机,它贯穿着整个数据发送过程,同时状态机也是反映发送过程的一个方式。网络技术与数字逻辑的结合,是这次设计的意义所在。
毕业论文关键词:FPGA;以太网;MAC;数据发送
Abstract Ethernet has been in a state of rapid development since 1970s, and the application of Ethernet has gradually extended to all aspects of society。 At present, Ethernet is the most common standard of communication protocol used in local area network。 Since Gigabit networks have emerged and become more and more popular, the requirements of the computer to the Ethernet controller are also getting higher。 The core of Ethernet is the medium access control layer (MAC) and physical layer (PHY), and the medium access control layer is the data link layer of the OSI protocol model。
The traditional Ethernet controller uses the embedded technology, and this design will use the FPGA design instead of the Application Specific Integrated Circuit (ASIC)。 FPGA has gradually gained popularity in the circuit design after several decades of development, its advantages have been largely used。 In this design, we mainly use the Quartus II software, to design the Ethernet MAC controller with FPGA implementation。 The main process is the preparation of the code of each module, to build the MAC data transmission module of the workflow。
In this design, the main completion is the code writing and implementation of CRC generation module, random number generation module and send state machine in the data transmission module。 The key of the data transmission module is the send state machine, which is through the whole process of data transmission。 At the same time the state machine is also a way to reflect the transmission process。 The combination of network technique and digital logic is the significance of this design。
Key words: FPGA; Ethernet; MAC; Data transmission
目录
第一章 绪论 1
1。1 课题的背景和意义 1
1。2 以太网的简介 1
1。2。1以太网的基本原理 2
1。2。2 以太网协议参考模型 2
1。2。3以太网控制器与嵌入式系统 3
1。3 FPGA简介 4
1。3。1 FPGA的发展历史 4
1。3。2 FPGA的工作原理 4
1。3。3 FPGA的应用 5
1。4 现阶段相关领域的研究成果以及不足之处 5
1。5 本课题主要研究内容