摘要本文阐述了油井深度测量的原理，介绍如何用STC89S52单片机实现油井深度测量，分析各个部分的工作原理，给出了原理图和源程序，包括电路设计和程序的设计以及电路的搭建与调试。此设计电路由超声波传感器、单片机、发射/接收电路和LED显示器组成。由于超声波指向性强，能量消耗缓慢，在介质中传播的距离较远，因而超声波被广泛应用于距离的测量。利用超声波检测比较迅速、方便，计算简单，已做到实时控制，并且在测量精度方面能达到工业实用要求，测量时与被测物体无直接接触等，这些优点使其广泛应用于倒车雷达、建筑施工工地等场合。61671

关键词：超声波  测距  单片机 

毕业论文毕业设计说明书（论文）外文摘要

Title  Design of Ultrasonic Range Finder Based on SCM               

Abstract This paper expounds the principle of ultrasonic ranging and describes how to use AT89S52 SCM realizing ultrasonic ranging. It also analysis of the working principle of each part and gives the principle diagram and the source program. The ultrasonic ranging is composed by ultrasonic sensors, SCM circuit, launch/receiving circuit and LED display. Due to the strongly directivity, slowly energy consumption and long transmission distance in a medium, thus ultrasonic is widely used in distance measurement. Ultrasonic is quickly, convenient, simple calculation and achieves real-time control. And it can also reach the industrial practical requirements in the measurement precision and without directly contacted with object to be tested. All These advantages make it widely used in reverse radar, construction site and so on. Ultrasonic ranging based on the AT89S52 SCM easily overcome shortcomings, and is used very extensive. 

Keywords: Ultrasonic wave;  Range finding;  One-chip computer

1  绪论 1

1.1 课题背景及意义 1

1.2  单片机系统 1

1.3  超声波的产生与应用 2

1.4  LED显示技术 4

1.5  超声波传感器 6

1.6  课题设计任务 7

2  总体方案设计 8

2.1  总体方案 8

2.2  系统方案设计与选择 9

3  硬件电路设计 11

3.1  单片机最小系统 11

3.2  单片机控制与显示 15

3.3  超声波发射电路设计 16

3.4  超声波接收电路 20

4  系统软件设计 23

4.1  AT89S52单片机的工作原理 23

4.2 超声波液位测量器的测量原理 24

4.3  主程序设计 25

4.4  超声波发射子程序和接收子程序 26

5  系统调试 28

5.1  电路的焊接 28

5.2电路焊接与整机调试 28

5.3  调试结果 29

5.4  性能分析 30

结  论