摘要：今天，自动化的新信息时代已经向我们走来。社会在不断的发展，科技也在向前迈进，很多为提高人们生活水平的自动控制系统不断出现在市场中。尤其是到处都有的自动门，一个好的自动门系统不但能给生活带来服务，还可以有效地保障车站的运营安全，所以火车站售票大厅玻璃门的控制往往采用计算机来完成。本设计的核心芯片选择51系列中的AT89C51，它相较于单片机显得功能更强大，性价比较高。还要红外线传感器来检测周围的环境，它不仅可以判断规定范围内是否有人，而且还要将检测到的结果转换成单片机可以识别的信息后再传送给它。单片机判断后执行程序命令，决定步进电机是正转还是反转。步进电机的选用的驱动器为ULN2003。电机正转就是开门，电机反转就是关门。本系统开关和关门是利用15个LED灯的显示表示的。62025

毕业论文关键词： AT89C51；红外线传感器；步进电机；ULN2003

Booking hall automatic door control system design of the railway station

Abstract:Today,There is a new information time of automation that is coming.With the development of society，the advance of teconology,supermarkets have all kinds of automatic control systems that improve people’s living standard.Especially the automatic door we can see everywhere ,A good automatic door not only service people’s life but also ensures the safety of railway station operation efficiently,so the booking hall glass door of railway station usually finished the control by computer.This design chooses AT89C51 of the 51 series SCM(single chip microcomputer)system as the core.Because AT89C51 has many function moren than the others,it also has a high cost-effective among them.Infrared sensor as the sensor, it will detects the temperature around,and transformed into plusing signals,then will be send to the SCM.Then the SCM runs the programs by following the judgement,the FWD and REV of stepper motor all depend on it.The choosen drivers of stepper motor is ULN2003.The FWD of stepper motor means the opening of door,the REV of stepper motor means the closing of door.The system uses the display of 15 LED lights as the opening and closing of door.

Keyword:  AT89C51；Infrared sensor；the stepper motor；ULN2003

目  录

1  绪论 1

1.1  课题的目的和意义 1

1.2  国内外的发展概况及存在的问题 1

1.3  自动门发展趋势 2

1.4  自动门的分类及应用场合 3

1.5  本文的主要工作 4

2  硬件设计 6

2.1  电路设计 6

2.1.1  系统设计框图 6

2.1.2  电路原理图 7

2.2  元器件的选择 7

2.2.1  单片机 8

2.2.2  热释电红外传感器 11

2.2.3  BISS0001芯片及其应用电路 11

2.2.4  步进电机 15

3  软件设计 18

3.1  设计思路 18

3.2  软件结构 18

3.3  软件流程图 18

3.4  程序 20

4  实验结果