毕业设计中文摘要三维外形测量技术是获取物体三维形貌特征的一种重要手段，广泛应用于逆向工程、实物仿型、医学诊断等领域。本文对各种三维外形测量方法的原理进行了分析，其中重点研究了非接触式三维测量方法。结构光投影法是最具代表性的非接触式三维测量方法，该方法包括位相测量轮廓术与傅里叶变换轮廓术，两种方法的区别在于求解相位主值所使用的方法不同，前者利用多幅相移的光栅图像求解相位主值，而后者则是利用傅里叶变换在频域处理图像求解出相位主值。本文利用 MATLAB 编写程序对位相测量轮廓术中的四步移相法进行模拟和分析。根据傅里叶轮廓变换术的原理搭建实验装置对物体进行三维形貌测量，同时利用MATLAB对图像进行滤波、基频提取和相位展开等处理，最终求得实际的相位分布情况。78771

毕业论文关键词：三维外形测量；位相测量轮廓术；傅里叶变换轮廓术；相位展开

毕业设计外文摘要

Title     Research on Non-contact Measurement Method for the Three-Dimensional Shape of Object Surface 

Abstract Three-dimensional shape measurement of object surface is an important method to obtain the three-dimensional shape characteristics of objects。 It is widely used in many fields such as reverse engineering, physical model, medical diagnosis and so on。The principle of a variety of three-dimensional shape measurement methods, especially the non-contact three-dimensional measurement methods are analyzed in this dissertation。The structure light projection method is the most representative  non-contact 3D measurement method and the method is pided into Phase measurement profilometry(PMP) and Fourier transform profilometry(FTP)。The difference of the two methods is the way to solve the unwrapped-phase。Several phase shifted grating images are used to solve the unwrapped-phase by PMP,however fourier transform is used to deal with the image in frequency domain for acquiring the unwrapped-phase  by FTP。The four-step phase shift method is simulated and analyzed by using MATLAB in this dissertation。 The principle of FTP is adopted to set up experimental device and measure the shape of object。Image processing operations such as filtering, fundamental frequency extraction and phase unwrapping are completed by using MATLAB, finally the actual phase distribution is obtained。

Keywords：Three-dimensional shape measurement；Phase measurement profilometry； Fourier transform profilometry；Phase unwrapping

 目   次

1 引言1

2 三维外形测量方法概述 2

   2。1接触式测量方法 2

   2。2 非接触式测量方法 3

     2。2。1激光扫描法  3

     2。2。2立体摄影  3

     2。2。3计算机断层扫描法 4

     2。2。4光学三维测量方法 4

  3 被动式光学三维测量方法 6

   3。1 双目立体视觉法6

   3。2 双目立体视觉法标定技术7

   3。3 特征提取与立体匹配8

  4 主动式光学三维测量方法  9

   4。1 激光三角法9 

   4。2 飞行时间法9

   4。3 莫尔轮廓术9

   4。4 结构光投影10 

     4。4。1位相测量轮廓术11 

     4。4。2傅里叶变换轮廓术14 

     4。4。3结构光投影的相位展开算法15 

     4。4。4结构光投影的标定技术17 

5 实验设计与结果分析 18

   5。1搭建实验装置19