摘 要传统的波束形成算法可以应用于大部分空间信号的分辨，但是传统的波束形成算法也存在一定的不足，当信号的来波方向过于接近时，如果分辨率不够，则无法在空域上将信号准确地分辨出来，为了解决这一问题，引入了现代信号谱估计算法，如MUSIC算法、Capon算法、MNM算法等，本文从理论分析和计算机仿真两个角度对几种算法及其估计性能进行了探讨，通过实验仿真分析对以上算法进行了对比，发现现代信号谱估计算法的分辨率要明显高于传统波束形成算法的分辨率，所以现代信号谱估计算法在空间谱估计中的应用上有着重要的意义。在现代空间谱估计技术继续发展和深入的过程中，空间谱估计的理论一定会更加成熟，并且应用范围越来越广泛。83817

本文主要分析了讨论了现代信号谱估计算法在空间谱估计中的应用，探讨了本课题研究的背景及意义；对空间谱估计的发展现状进行了阐述；介绍了数字阵列雷达和波束形成的概念和原理；写出了一维均匀线阵接收信号的数学模型和一维均匀线阵波束形成的原理；对空间谱基本理论和知识，MUSIC算法、Capon算法、MNM算法进行了介绍，也通过Matlab软件进行了仿真。并且对仿真的结果进行了分析和讨论。

关键词：超分辨；波束形成；MUSIC算法；Capon算法；

Abstract 

Traditional beamforming algorithm can be applied to the resolution of most of thespace signals,but the traditional beamforming algorithm also has some shortcomings。When the direction of arrival of the signal is too close,if the resolution is not enough,is not able to accurately distinguish the signal in the airspace。In order to solve this problem,invented the modern signal spectrum estimation algorithms,such as MUSIC algorithm,Capon algorithm,MNM algorithm,etc。In this paper,the theoretical analysis and computer simulation of the two angles of several algorithms and their estimation performanceare discussed,through the experimental simulation analysis of the above algorithm is compared。It is found that the resolution of the modern signal spectrum estimation algorithm is significantly higher than that of the traditional beam forming algorithm,so the modern signal spectrum estimation algorithm has important significance in the application of spatial spectrum estimation。In the process of modern spatial spectrum estimation,the theory of spatial spectrum estimation will be more mature,and the application scopeis more and more widely。

This paper mainly analyzes the application of the modern signal spectrum estimation algorithm in space spectrum estimation,and discusses the background and significance of this research,the development of spatial spectrum estimation is described,The concepts and principles of digital array radar and beam forming are introduced,and the mathematical model of one dimensional uniform linear array receiving signal and the principle of one dimensional uniform linear array beam forming are presented。The basic theory and knowledge of spatial spectrum,MUSIC algorithm,Capon algorithm,MNM algorithm are introduced,The simulation was carried out by Matlab software。And the simulation results are analyzed and discussed。

Keywords：Super resolution spatial spectrum estimation ；beam forming；MUSIC algorithm；Capon algorithm；

目  录

第一章 绪论 4

1。1 课题研究背景及意义 4

1。2 空间谱估计的发展现状 5

1。3 主要研究内容 5

第二章 数字阵列雷达的波束形成技术 7

2。1 数字阵列概述