基于遥感的洪泽湖水域面积变化分析
关键词：洪泽湖 TM遥感影像 水域面积 原因分析
Abstract
In recent years, with the rapid development of economy and the rapid growth of population, the area of the hongze lake waters took on a declining trend. This trend will not only result in hongze lake water, flood control ability is abate, in flood season a threat to the life property safety of the surrounding residents, and the decrease of water area, can also lead to the destruction of the water quality and water ecological environment. This study selects 1987-2014 and LandSat8 LandSat5 TM remote sensing data from OLI, using remote sensing (RS) and geographic information system (GIS) technology, for different periods of hongze lake water area, the hongze lake, the change of the water area, and analyzes the reasons for such changes, and gives corresponding countermeasures. The results show that the hongze lake area of 1310 square kilometers in 1987 to 1998, 1494 square kilometers, water area appeared to reduce the trend, the current has reached 1394 square kilometers, and still has a tendency to further reduce. It shows that the hongze lake waters of the ecological environment is destroyed.
Key words：hongze lake, TM remote sensing image, water area, cause analysis .
目 录
摘 要Ⅰ
AbstractⅡ
1 绪论1
1.1引言1
1.2国内外研究现状1
1.3技术路线1
2 基础知识2
2.1洪泽湖2
2.2ENVI2
2.3ArcGIS3
3 资料与方法4
3.1资料4
3.2方法4
4 分析与对策11
4.1分析11
4.1.1人为因素11
4.1.2自然因素12
4.2对策12
5 结语 14
致谢15
参考文献16
1 绪 论
1.1引言
随着中国改革开放的深入，人们在不断地追求着经济的快速发展、文化的飞速提高，却忽略了自然生态环境的保护，尤其以水环境破坏的极为严重。中国的湖泊普遍出现水域面积减少，例如：曾经有着“八百里洞庭”美誉的洞庭湖如今再也没有了当初宏伟的气势。湖泊蓄水量减少，水体质量变差，从而极大降低了湖泊生态的稳定性与多样性，有可能导致洪涝、干旱等自然灾害的发生，给经济带来了极大地损失，影响可持续发展的进程。在卫星遥感技术投入使用之前，很难对湖泊面积有及时，准确，快速的了解，从而无法判定水域的面积变化，忽略潜存的灾害，而随着遥感技术的飞速发展，遥感技术以其实效性、周期性、宏观性以及综合性等特点，为湖泊水体的准确、快速监测提供了可能，也可以及时应对水域面积变化所带来的危害，准确提供相应对策。【1】
1.2国内外研究现状