摘要实验教学在初中科学教学中贯穿始终，自制教具作为实验教学的重要组成部分，对于现有教学资源充当着有利补充。初中科学自制教具有效利用身边的可循环材料，采用简单易行的方法，自己制作教具，充分激发学生的学习兴趣，加深学生对初中科学这一综合课程的知识点掌握。76626

本文主要采用课堂观察法为主，辅之以访谈法、个案研究法及文献研究法开展研究。本次实验样本选取杭州市萧山区新湾初级中学八年级四班的32名学生，针对初中科学教学中自制教具对学生学习效果的影响这一问题进行个案研究。在研究过程中，笔者通过课堂观察和访谈调查，记录自制教具实验过程中各阶段学生学习兴趣和知识接受水平的状况，并对调查结果进行分析。

根据调查结果分析表明：学生在使用自制教具进行科学课程的学习时，学习积极性、主动性，学习热情，知识接受能力等方面都远超未使用情况下的学习效果。自制教具的使用有助于教师联系生活实际，帮助学生有效建构知识框架，促进三维目标有效达成，促进学生全面发展。

毕业论文关键词：初中科学；自制教具；学习效果；个案研究

Abstract Junior middle school science is a subject based on experiment, science teaching in the process of experiment is not only exercise the students' practical ability, but also stimulate the students' learning initiative。 As an important part of experimental teaching, the Handmade-Experiment is a beneficial supplement to the existing teaching resources。 Junior middle school science Handmade-Experiment makes effective use of recycled materials, and uses the simple and easy method to make teaching aids which fully arouses the students' interest in learning and deepens students' understanding to junior middle school science knowledge, which is a comprehensive curriculum 。

This article mainly uses the classroom observation, supplemented by interview method, case study method and literature study to carry out the research。 This sample is Xinwan middle school eight years class four 32 students in Xiaoshan Hangzhou, and this paper is aims at a problem about the Handmade-Experiment and influence on learn effect in junior middle school science teaching through a case study。 During the study, the author uses the classroom observation and interview survey to record students learning interest and knowledge of the acceptable level in each phase of the experiment teaching process, and the statistical analysis of the results。

According to the analysis of the survey results show that: while students learn science curriculum in the use of the Handmade-Experiment, students’learning initiative, learning enthusiasm and Knowledge accept ability are far more than which without using the Handmade-Experiment。 The use of Handmade-Experiment is helpful for teachers to contact the life, for students to construct knowledge framework effectively, to promote the effective achievement of three-dimensional goals and the all-round development of students。 

Keyword: Junior middle school science; the Handmade-Experiment; Learning effect; case study

目录

1。 引言 4

2。 研究自制教具的意义 4

2。1相关概念界定 4

2。1。1自制教具 4

2。1。2学习效果 4

2。2国内外研究现状 4

3。 实践研究 6

3。1研究工具与方法 6

3。1。1测量工具 6

3。1。2研究方法