摘要FPSO是我们目前开发海洋的主要海工设备，它兼有生产和储油双重功能是我们获取 油气资源的重要保障，但是我们还要面对的问题就是FPSO一旦遇上火灾，后果将十分严 重。本文我们选取了FPSO储油舱作为研究对象，主要分析它在火灾作用下的结构强度。 作为研究的铺垫，本文首先对FPSO做了基本的介绍，接着阐述了火灾的危害，分析 比较了国内外对这方面研究的现状。之后我们对模拟储油舱结构在火灾作用下的情况做 了基础准备，对于储油舱火灾的发生和传热过程都做了理论的叙述，同时还介绍了火灾 的模拟方法。再者我们还对钢材在高温下的热工性能和力学性能做了说明，这样更有利于我们研究储油舱的结构强度，有了这些基础理论我们就可以进行具体的研究了。 我们首先建立储油舱模型，在储油舱中施加火源以及燃烧边界条件，得到了火灾作用下储油舱的温度场的分布图，得到了储油舱在火灾下的温度分布之后，我们将温度场 导入储油舱结构强度的分析模型中，得到储油舱结构在火灾作用下的应力变化以及失效 变形情况，并且绘制出了储油舱节点的应力随温度变化的曲线，以此来分析储油舱在火 灾作用下的结构强度。80304

毕业论文关键词：FPSO储油舱；火灾；温度场；结构强度

Abstract FPSO is a main marine equipment for ocean development。it has dual function of production and storage, which is an important guarantee for our oil and gas resources。 But we have to realize a problem that if a fire broke out in the FPSO, the consequence will be very serious。 In this paper, we select the FPSO storage tank as the research object to analyze its structural strength under fire load。

As the foundation of the research, this paper firstly makes a basic introduction to FPSO, then tells the danger of the fire and analyzes the present situation of this aspect research in domestic and foreign。 After that, we do some basic preparations for the simulation of the structure of the oil storage tank under fire load, we describe the occurrence and heat transfer of the fire in oil storage tank and introduce some simulation method of the fire。at last, we tell the thermal performance and mechanical properties of steel under high temperature。 we can carry on the concrete research with these basic theories。

First，We establish the model of oil storage tank, add the source of the fire and it’s

boundary condition, so we can get the temperature field of the oil storage tank under fire load。 After getting the temperature field, we lead the temperature field into the analysis model of the structural strength of the oil storage tank to get the Stress variation and failure deformation of oil storage tank under fire load。 And we draw the curve of the stress of the oil storage tank with temperature change to analyze the structural strength of the oil storage tank under fir load。

Keywords: FPSO oil storage tank; fire; temperature field; structure strength

目 录

第一章 绪论 1

1。1 FPSO 的介绍 1

1。1。1 FPSO 的特点 1

1。1。2 FPSO 的发展 1

1。2 火灾的危害 2

1。3 国内外研究现状 5

1。4 本文的主要内容 7

第二章 基础理论 8

2。1 储油舱发生火灾的全过程 8

2。2 火灾的传热过程 8

2。2。1 热传导