言论自由的尺度与权力的边界对美国言论自由发展历史的梳理
关键词：美国；言论自由；宪法第一修正案；历史与发展
The scale and power of free speech boundaries:
American free speech on the history of the comb
Abstract: It has never stopped that people pursue free speech.On the current Internet, the topic related to free speech has rode a wave repeatedly because of such many criminal cases caused by various statement. In this paper,the scale and power of American to intervene in speech freedom has been investigated according its main line of the history of speech freedom development. The study found that American free speech has the constitutional basis due to the First Amendment,in which,it is ruled “Congress shall not specify any law to deprive the right of people of free speech and publication.”With guaranteeing people free speech,it also effectively limit and define this right.Although free speech is sacrosanct as a basic human right,people shall not slander others and endangering national security when they exercise this right.Above all,as other basic freedom,free speech is also built on law.From no matter special theory of talking freely but also general theory of freedom of speech.publication and press,they all are guaranteed by the Constitution.
Key Words: The United States; freedom of speech; First Amendment; history and development
目 录
摘 要 1
Abstract 1
一、美国言论自由的思想源泉 2
（一）英国《自由大宪章》中关于表达自由的规定 2
（二）文艺复兴时期关于人的平等的基本思想 3
（三）《论出版的自由》中关于资产阶级言论自由的论述 3
二、 殖民时期，对言论自由的权力压制与争取言论自由的抗争 4
（一）马塞诸塞州限制出版自由的法案 4
（二）《国内外公共事件报》的出版 4
（三）曾格诽谤诉讼案 5
（四）反印花税运动 5
三、 美国独立至美国内战期间 6
（一）《宪法》的颁布 6
（二）《宪法》第一修正案的通过 6
（三）以诽谤政府入罪来控制危险言论 7
（四）内战期间的新闻管制 7
四、20世纪后美国的言论自由呈现保护与限制的基本状态 8
（一）战时新闻管制 8
（二）对于政治言论自由的约束和保护 8
（三）沙利文案 9
（四）平衡原则 10
参考文献 12
言论自由的尺度与权力的边界：对美国言论自由发展历史的梳理 我国现阶段的新闻法建设尚不完善，特别是对言论自由的界定仍存在着诸多争议。值得借鉴和关注的是当前在言论自由问题上走在世界前沿的美国，在其漫长新闻法建设发展历程中也曾经有过我国现阶段的经历。
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