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Abstract F. Scott Fitzgerald is one of the representative of the Jazz Age, he occupies an important place in American literary world. His masterpiece The Great Gatsby is the classics of Christianity and also an important literature masterpiece in the world, Fitzgerald combines literature with the realistic life by using biblical archetypes that makes his novel surpass the limitation of space and time and eternal significance. According to the studies about The Great Gatsby abroad and at home, the author finds that many scholars focuses on the perspectives of structuralism, symbolism to analysis this novel.
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The author’s thesis, taking the archetypal criticism and The Bible as the theoretical basis, attempts to perform sufficient analysis on the mythological archetypal in the work about the characters to reveal the novel’s theme.
The thesis consists of four chapters as following, chapter one gives a introduction of this essay. chapter two gives the brief review of Fitzgerald’s background and his masterpiece The Great Gatsby, and introduces the theme of the work—— the disillusionment of the American Dream. Chapter three discusses the archetypes analysis of the main characters. Chapter four analyzes the archetypes of the symbols and theme. Chapter five concludes the whole thesis.
Key Words: myth, Bible, archetypal criticism
摘要
菲茨拉杰德是二十世纪美国文坛上最著名的小说家之一。他的代表作《了不起的盖茨比》是一部以完美的艺术形式表现的关于“美国梦”的幻灭这一主题思想的力作。
本文以神话原型批评为理论基础，以《圣经》为依据，对《了不起的盖茨比》中的人物，结构，象征手法等进行阐释，并揭示美国梦的破灭这一小说主题。
论文共分为五章。第一章简要的介绍有关《了不起的盖茨比》的一些成就和现有的一些研究成果。第二章介绍菲茨拉杰德的背景和他的著作《了不起的盖茨比》。第三章是主要人物的原型阐释。盖茨比的人物原型是《圣经》中的亚当和耶稣基督。黛西是《圣经》中夏娃的化身。汤姆的原型是《圣经》中的撒旦。第四章是象征手法和主题的原型阐释。盖茨比的命运呼应了古老的圣经悲剧模式。小说中的灰谷，光亮，颜色，水和花园都有着其象征意义。失乐园的神话传说是贯穿作品的原型主题。结论部分是全文的论述和分析做了系统的总结。5446
关键词：神话，圣经，人物原型批判
CONTENTS
Acknowledgements…. i
Abstract… ii
摘要… iii
1 Introduction…… 1
2 Fitzgerald’s Background and The Great Gatsby. 3
2.1 F. Scott Fitzgerald’s Background… 3
2.2 The general introduction of The Great Gatsby…. 4
3 The Archetypal Analysis of the Main Characters . 6
3.1 A Critical Perspective on Archetypal Criticism.…. 6
3.2 Adam and Jesus Christ: the Archetypes of Gatsby…… 7
3.3 Eve: the Archetype of Daisy…. 9
3.4 Serpent: the Archetype of Tom….… 12
4 The Archetypal Analysis of the Symbols and the Theme. 14
4.1 The Valley of Ashes… 14
4.2 Light and Color…. 15
4.3 Water and Garden.…… 17
4.4 The Theme ----the Falling of the Garden of Eden…. 27
5 Conclusion……. 20
Bibliography….….… 21
1 Introduction
F. Scott Fitzgerald is one of the greatest stylists in American literature. Known as the “Prince of the Jazz Age”, he is a typical figure of his time. His ability to depict American society has been highly appreciated. Some critics regard him as the pioneer in the history of American modern literature, together with his contemporaries are Ernest Hemingway and William Faulkner.