But the most concise one was from Odlin (1989: 27), which he thought to be a working definition: “transfer is the influence resulting from similarities and differences between the target language and any other language that has been previously (and perhaps imperfectly) acquired”. According to Odlin’s notion, all influences coming from mother language and any other languages to a target language are called transfer. As a result, the effect of the mother tongue should be defined as the first language transfer (so the research conducted in this paper is based on first language transfer).