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The social and cultural factors in translation Practice Abstract: Many theorists, like Toury’s and Lefevere’s, advocate that literary texts are cultural made and are parts of “a system which is operating in the larger social, literary and historical systems of the target culture” (Munday, 2001: 108). Likely, it can be assumed that translated texts are products of the target culture and need to meet the socio-cultural demands of the receiving system as this is initial yet critical role of translators in today’s worldwide quest for nurturing trust and understanding. Unless the messages of the ST are transported in a comprehensible and acceptable way for the receiving audience, the translators’ mission of building trust and understanding cannot be accomplished. Translators may, therefore, be said to face various constraints in making the translation acceptable and comprehensible for the target audiences and in allowing the translation
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to fulfilll a certain function assigned by the target system.However, collecting data in one language and presenting the findings in another involves researchers taking translation-related decisions that have a direct impact on the validity of the research and its report.Factors which affect the quality of translation in social research include: the linguistic competence of the translator/s; the translator’s knowledge of the culture of the people under study; the autobiography of those involved in the translation; and the circumstances in which the translation takes place.48333
There is a need for social researchers who have to translate data from one language to another to explore the factors concerned and make the best choice.
Key words: translation; culture; social; circumstance
翻译活动中的社会文化因素摘要图里和勒菲弗尔都认为，文学文本是文化之间交流碰撞，是在一个社会文化历史背景下为目标语言应运而生的。同样的，翻译文化作为文本的产物，也是为了满足社会文化最根本也是最重要的需求：交流和理解。这也是翻译家的基本责任，培养文化间的信任和理解。然而，除非信息在可理解和容易接受的环境中传递，这并不是可以简单做到的。翻译家在翻译过程中会遇到种种来自社会文化差异的限制，例如翻译者对语言的掌握程度，对文化的了解程度，还有翻译环境等等。
而研究影响翻译行为的社会文化因素也是帮助做出正确的翻译觉得必不可少的一项步骤。
毕业论文关键词：翻译； 社会文化； 影响因素；
Content
1. Introduction. 1
2. Different cultural background 2
2.1 Western translation background .2
2.2 On English and Chinese cultural differences3
3. What are social and cultural factors in translation?5
3.1 religious beliefs.5
3.2 thinking modes.6
3.3 traditional customs.7
4. Translation strategies in related with social and cultural factors10
4.1 Literal translation10
4.2 Free translation11
4.2.1 use pun and metaphors11
4.2.2 Addition11
4.2.3 Substitution.11
5. Conclusion.13
6. Reference.14
1.Introduction
Language is a culture which plays a role as an expression form, to help people easily understand each other. With the globalization, translation has an increasingly important function in our daily life. Especially the translation between Chinese and English. Recent years, researches on translation are in continuously trend. People try to find out in what way can the translation performs perfectly. Numerous factors are taken into consideration, like environmental factors, economical factors, historical factors, custom factors and etc.