摘要为了在船舶因发生碰撞、触礁、搁浅等海上事故导致破舱进水问题对事故船舶的抗沉性快速地作出适当评价依据流体力学基本原理建立了船舶破舱瞬时进水速度及进水量的数学模型,分析了破损参数及装载条件对破舱进水参数的影响。通过软件对船舶在不同破损及装载条件进行了实际计算,得出了相应的破舱进水参数,从而为船舶驾驶人员作出正确施救对策提供可靠依据,对保证船舶安全具有重要意义。

本文采用Gambit软件模拟船舶在波浪中出现不同破损状况的破损模型，并通过Fluent软件模拟船舶破舱瞬时进水数学模型，根据设计任务书对主尺度的要求，并综合考虑舱内外水面高度差、破口的位置及大小、运用控制变量法来进行方案的设计模拟。95179

根据对影响舷侧破损进水过程不同因素研究的研究成果如下所示：

（1）由于惯性影响，舷侧破舱进水是一个来回往复的过程，只有当初始重力势能被水和舱壁之间的摩擦阻力做功平衡时水才会停止运动，此时舱内外水面高度相同（不考虑压强差）；

（2）较小开口时，初始进流速度亦较小，达到最大进水速度时间较短，但达到稳定状态时间相对较长；

（3）较大开口时，初始进流速度较大，达到最大速度时间较长，但达到最大速度数值更大、达到稳定状态时间更短；

（4）破口位置越高。破口越大，进水速度越快，越易达到稳定状态。进水过程在最后阶段会出现水流倒流现象，并且破口越大、破口位置越高此现象越明显。

本论文从破口进流速度入手，通过对比分析各项设计方案，找出影响破损进水的主要原因，从而对船舶能否残存、何时沉没、应采取何种应急措施和是否弃船逃生能有简单的预计和决策，对保护国家财产和人民生命安全有着重要的意义。

毕业论文关键词：波浪载荷；破损船舶运动；破舱进水；水动力学互动；破口因素

Abstract In order to make a proper assessment of the anti-sinking of the ship in the event of a collision due to a collision, such as a collision, stranding and other sea accidents。 The basic principle of hydrodynamics has been established to establish the mathematical knowledge of the instantaneous influent velocity and influent of the ship The influence of damage parameters and loading conditions on the parameters of the dam entry is analyzed, and the corresponding calculation parameters of the ship under different damage and loading conditions are obtained by software, and the corresponding water intrusion parameters are obtained, so as to make the ship driver The correct rescue measures to provide a reliable basis for ensuring the safety of the ship is of great significance。

In this paper, Gambit software is used to simulate the damage model of the ship in different waves。 The Fluent software is used to simulate the transient model of ship fault。 According to the requirements of the design task book, the height difference between the inside and the outside is considered, The location and size of the break, the use of control variables to program the design simulation。

According to the research on the different factors influencing the process of flooding, the research results are as follows:

(1) due to inertia,  the  side  of  the bulk of the  water is a  round-trip process, only when the initial gravity potential can be water and bulkhead friction between the work balance when the water will stop the movement, the tank inside and outside the surface height the same;

(2) smaller opening, the initial inflow rate is also small, to achieve a stable state of time is relatively short;