摘要：船舶在停靠或临时停泊时会随着惯性、外力等影响偏离目的地，而平衡这些作用力就必须依靠锚机设备。目前船舶电力拖动大多以继电器为主，在很多船舶上设备均需要长期工作，面对恶劣的工作环境，采用PLC可编程逻辑控制器这种功能强、可靠性强的控制系统对电动锚机进行控制无疑成为了船舶行业发展的主流趋势。

本文主要针对PLC在三速交流锚机上的应用，详细阐述了电动锚机的工作流程及工作原理，并在传统继电器控制的基础上更改为可靠性更高的PLC可编程控制器控制。并简要概括了目前的发展背景，发展方向，优势等问题，锚机在船舶中的作用，国内外电气公司在锚机控制应用中的发展程度，锚机控制的工作原理，结构组成，工作流程等，对主电路图，控制电路图，元器件列表，也出图加以说明，对其程序撰写时对PLC的熟悉过程及问题解决，也做了简要概述。

关键词：锚机，可编程逻辑控制器，控制系统，继电器

Abstract：Ships docked or temporarily parked,will be affected by the inertia, external force and so on.And the balance of these forces must rely on the windlass equipment.At present, most of the ship power drag to relay control.Equipment on many ships need not only long-term work,but also to face the harsh working environment.Programmable logic controller has a strong function, cost-effective, reliable, simple programming methods and so on.So using programmable logic controller has undoubtedly become the mainstream of the development of the ship industry trends.

This paper mainly for the PLC in the three-speed AC anchor on the application.The work flow and working principle of electric windlass are expounded in detail.And change the relay control to PLC control.At the same time this paper briefly summarizes the current development background, the development direction, the superiority and so on the question.Describes in detail the role of the windlass in the ship, the Development Degree of Domestic and Foreign Electric Company in the Application of Wind Turbine Control and The working principle, structure, work flow and so on.The main circuit diagram, control circuit diagram and component list also illustrated to illustrate.Briefly outlined the familiarity of PLC process and problem solving.

Keywords:windlass,PLC,Control system,Relay

目 录

第一章绪论 5

1.1船舶锚机控制的国内外发展趋势 5

1.2传统锚机控制系统存在的不足及改进 5

1.3本课题的研究内容及意义 6

1.3.1本课题研究的意义 6

1.3.2本课题的基本内容 7

第二章PLC概述 8

2.1PLC的结构组成及分类 8

2.2PLC的工作原理 8

2.2.1PLC循环扫描的工作过程 9

2.2.2PLC用户程序工作过程 10

2.3S7-200系统配置及接口模块 10

2.3.1控制系统基本构成 11

2.3.2输入/输出接口模块 11

2.4人机界面及其通讯 12

2.4.1威纶通触摸屏简介 12

2.4.2与PLC通讯方式 13

第三章船舶锚机及其控制系统设计 15

3.1锚机概述