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摘 要 随着城镇化进程的不断推进，促使了高层建筑行业蓬勃发展，从而使电梯行业迎来巨大的机遇。电梯在高层建筑的垂直运输中起到了巨大的作用，在人们生活中非常重要，是不可缺少的代步工具。电梯作为一种安全、快捷的垂直运输工具，其系统稳定性对人们的生活和工作的有着巨大的影响，因此电梯的各项性能指标必须改善，这样才能保证电梯可靠运行。 传统电梯控制系统是继电器顺序控制系统，接线相对比较复杂，并且出现故障的几率比较高，可靠性比较差。基于 PLC 电梯控制系统的出现，从一定程度上解决了以上存在的问题。 可编程控制器（Programmable Logic Controller-PLC）属于工业控制微型计算机的一种，具有操作简单、安全可靠、易于学习等优点，在很多工业生产中普遍应用。 本文设计了优尔层 PLC（可编程控制器）电梯自动调度控制系统。在采用变频器和可控制编程器实现电梯控制的基础上，对PLC 型号和变频器进行了合理的选择。为了提高乘坐电梯时的舒适感，采用了安川 VS-616G5 型变频器，这样使得电梯的运行曲线更加理想，也能使电梯控制提高一个层次。同时采用旋转编码器能够准确的定位电梯的位置，提高了电梯的位移定位控制的精度。本文介绍了电梯的发展历史、构造、工作原理及结构组成，对可编程控制器进行详细的阐述。通过 PLC 程序设计很好的实现了电梯的开关门控制、内呼和外呼的产生及消除、上下行运行方向与选层、制动减速等功能。提高了电梯系统的安全性、稳定性、舒适感和平层精确度。系统具有可靠、安全、节能、经济等特点。 本文设计的电梯自动调度系统提高了电梯运行的安全性，极大的降低了文护故障的难度。 37747
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毕业论文关键词： PLC 变频器 编码器 曲线
Abstract With the continuously advancement of urbanization of process,the high-rise building industry had been urged to vigorous development,so that the elevator industry welcome in huge opportunities.The elevator played a huge role in vertical transport of high-rise buildings and people’s life,it is an indispensable means of transport.As a safe and efficient vertical transport,people’s life is affected more and more big by system stability of the elevator,so the indicator of the elevator must be improved,only in this way,the reliable operation of the elevator can be guaranteed. The traditional elevator system is a relay sequence system,which the connection is relatively complex,the probability of failure is higher,and the reliability is poor.The above problems will be solved when the elevator system based on PLC appeared. As a kind of industrial control microcomputer,PLC has some advantages such as simple operation,safe and reliable,easy to learn,etc,and has been widely used in many industrial production. Six layers of PLC elevator automatic dispatch systems is designed in this paper.PLC model and inverter have been made reasonable choices,which based on the use of inverter and programmable controllers to realize the elevator control.Yaskawa VS-616GS inverter is used to improve the comfort of elevator,so that the elevator running curve is moreideal,and the elevator control can be improved.At the same time,the rotary encoder also be used.This paper introduce the development history,structure,working principle and structure of the elevator,to elaborate the PLC.The function such as the elevator door control switch,origination and elimination of internal call and external call,direction and layer selection of run up and down and brake deceleration can be realized by PLC programming.This system has the characteristics of reliable,safe,energy saving,economy,etc. Safety of elevator operation can be improved and difficulty of maintenance can be reduced by the elevator automatic dispatch system designed in this paper.
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