摘要激光驾束制导的核心是激光编码、译码技术，本文基于激光驾束制导的大背景下，着重研究了空间偏振信号的动态检测（译码）技术，介绍了检测电路的组成和设计原理。检测实验装置由接收光学系统和译码处理系统组成。接收光学系统主要是光电转换部分，结合激光源的特点，选择一种较为合适的光电探测器，尽可能减少光能损失。详细研究了译码处理系统部分，采用单片机作为电信号处理的主控部件，分别对系统进行软、硬件设计，使之完成信号放大、A/D转换、数据处理等。在PROTEUS软件平台上进行仿真，实验结果表明空间偏振信号的检测方案具有可行性。63729

毕业论文关键词   偏振译码   偏振光   光电转换  A/D转换  单片机

 毕业设计说明书（论文）外文摘要

Title Real-time polarization measurement with FPGA processing 

Abstract

The core of laser beam-riding guidance is the laser encoding and decoding technology．In this paper, based on the laser beam-riding guidance, a technique that is used to test the signal in the spatial polarization encoding is studied. The composition and design characteristics of the actual application requirements and decoding circuit. The experimental device is made up of receiving optical system and decoding system. The photoelectric conversion is the main part of the receiving optical system. According to the category of laser in the practical application,an appropriate photoelectric converter is chosen so as to decrease the loss of the energy in the light signal．The emphasis of the paper is to design the decoding circuit.A single chip micro computer is used as the core chip in the circuit．The software and hardware of the system is designed．Preamplifier,A／D converter,data processing are done. The simulation result which is based on the PROTEUS indicates that the project of the signal testing system in the spatial polarization encoding is feasible．

Keywords  Polarization  coding   elliptical  polarized  light  Photoelectric conversion   AD converter   SCM

绪论 1

1.1 课题研究背景 1

1.2 激光驾束制导 1

1.3 空间偏振编码信号检测技术 2

1.3.1 接收光学系统 2

1.3.2 译码处理电路 2

1.4 本文的主要工作 3

2 接收光学系统 3

2.1 椭圆偏振光测定的常规方法 4

2.2 接收光学系统的设计 5

2.3 数据处理方法比较 6

2.4 光电转换器件 7

2.4.1 光敏二极管 7

2.4.2 光敏三极管 8

2.4.3 光电探测器的选择 8

3 译码处理系统 9

3.1 译码处理电路的总设计思路 9

3.2 前置放大 10

3.2.1 基本放大电路 10

3.2.2 集成放大器比较 11

3.2.3 实际放大电路 12

3.3 单片机 13

3.3.1 单片机的选择 14

3.3.2 AT89C51芯片介绍