摘要随着通信技术、嵌入式计算技术和传感器技术的飞速发展，无线传感器网络引起了人们的极大关注，成为当前重要的研究热点。无线传感器网络主要应用于环境监测、军事和交通等大规模、高密度的网络应用，然而由于无线传感器网络本身的特点，很容易引起网络的拥塞。65568

首先，介绍了无线传感网络的基本构成，对无线传感器网络的发展历程和特点进行了阐述，分析了网络拥塞产生的原因、拥塞控制的研究现状。归纳分析了几种典型的无线传感器网络拥塞控制的方法。

其次，分析了RED算法的工作原理，对算法中的平均队列长度计算和丢包概率计算进行了阐述，并总结了RED算法的优缺点。

最后，研究设计了实验方案，在NS2上搭建了实验环境，引入Droptail算法与RED算法进行了性能分析和比较，实验证明RED算法在网络吞吐量、数据传输时延等方面都取得了良好的效果。

毕业论文关键词   无线传感器网络  拥塞控制  RED算法  NS2

毕业设计说明书（论文）外文摘要

Title  Analysis and Simulation of Wireless Sensor Network Congestion Control Algorithm                               

Abstract

With the rapid development of communication, embedded computing and sensor technology, wireless sensor network gains people’s great attention, which becomes an important research focus. Wireless sensor networks are mainly used in environmental monitoring, military and transportation which are  large-scale and high-density network applications. However, the characters of wireless sensor network can lead to network congestion easily.

Firstly, the basic form of wireless sensor networks is described in this paper. Then the history and characteristics of wireless sensor networks are described. The causes of network congestion and the congestion control research status are analyzed. Several typical wireless sensor network congestion control methods are analyzed and summarized.

Secondly, the theory of RED algorithm is analyzed. Calculations of the average queue length and packet loss probability are also described. Then the advantages and disadvantages of RED algorithm are summarized.

Finally, the experimental program is studied and designed in experimental environment of NS2. Droptail algorithms are introduced to compare with RED and then their performances are analyzed. The results show that the RED algorithm achieves good results in network throughput and data transmission delay.

Keywords  wireless sensor network  congestion control  RED algorithm  NS2

目   次

1  引言··1

1.1  无线传感器网络概述·1

1.2  无线传感器网络发展历程及研究现状··2

1.3  无线传感器网络特点·3

1.4  本文研究内容·3

2  无线传感网络拥塞控制分析5

2.1  无线传感器网络拥塞的定义·5

2.2  无线传感器网络拥塞的原因·5

2.3  无线传感器网络拥塞控制技术··6

2.4  几种典型的拥塞控制算法简析··7

2.5  本章小结··9

3  基于RED的网络拥塞控制·10

3.1  RED拥塞控制算法概述··10

3.2  RED拥塞控制算法特点··12

3.3  RED拥塞控制算法分析··12

3.4  本章小结·15

4  仿真实验与结果分析··16

4.1  无线传感器网络仿真平台··16