摘要在传统的工业领域，电机作为能量转换的载体，通常对输出功率、起动转矩等性能有较高要求，但其自重往往过大，而且在使用场合占用较大空间，工作效率不够高。在工业自动化、智能化的趋势中，许多传统电机已经不再适用于诸多新的使用场合，如：对空间利用率要求较高的小型设备、自重不宜过大的新型交通工具以及对能量利用率有较高要求的节能产品等。83566

随着科技的发展，永磁同步电机（PMSM，Permanent-Magnet Synchronous Motor）在工业方面的应用越来越广泛。永磁同步电机采用永磁体制作电机转子，是一种具有重量较轻、体积小、结构简单、损耗小、效率高等优点的新型电机。由于其既不需要像直流电机那样添加冗余的电刷和换向器等装置，也不必像异步电机那样通入无功励磁电流，因而具有效率高、转矩惯量大、定子电流和定子电阻损耗小等优点，为工业生产带来了诸多方便。

本文主要讲述了永磁同步电机的发展与趋势、工作原理以及基于水下无人航行器应用背景的电机设计过程。在总结水下无人航行器电力推进系统的推进要求后，详细介绍其电磁设计。选用Ansoft系列软件的Rmxprt模块来建立该电机物理模型，然后添加电机解算方案，得到功率、效率、转矩等特性曲线。最后结合具体参数进行性能分析，总结出优化与改进方案。

通过RMxprt中对物理模型的调试，永磁同步电机很好地实现了稳定运行，基本能够满足水下无人航行器的应用要求。

毕业论文关键词：水下无人航行器；永磁同步电机；电磁设计；RMxprt

Abstract In the traditional industrial areas, motor as energy conversion of carrier, usually on the output power, torque and performance have higher requirements, but its weight is often too large, and the occasion of large space occupation, work efficiency is not high enough。 In the trend of industrial automation, intelligent, many of the traditional motor is no longer applicable to many new applications, such as: the space utilization rate is high and small equipment, weight should not be too large new means of transport and of energy utilization rate higher requirements of energy-saving products and so on。

With the development of science and technology, the application of  Permanent-Magnet Synchronous Motor (PMSM) in industry is more and more widely。 Permanent magnet synchronous motor is a new type of motor which has the advantages of light weight, small volume, simple structure, low loss, high efficiency and so on。 Because it does not need to add redundancy of brush and commutator device as the DC motor like that, you don't have to be like asynchronous motor that pass into the reactive excitation current, so it has the advantages of high efficiency, large inertia torque, stator current and stator resistance loss is small, has brought many convenient for industrial production。

This paper mainly describes the development and trend of PMSM, working principle and the design process of the motor based on the application background of the underwater unmanned vehicle。 After summarizing the requirements of the electric propulsion system of the unmanned underwater vehicle, the electromagnetic design of the electric propulsion system is introduced in detail。 The Rmxprt module of Ansoft series software is used to build the physical model of the motor, and then the solution of the motor is added to obtain the characteristic curve of power, efficiency, torque and so on。 Finally, combined with the specific parameters of the performance analysis, summed up the improvement program。

Through the debugging of the physical model in RMxprt, the permanent magnet synchronous motor can achieve a stable operation, which can basically meet the application requirements of the underwater unmanned vehicle。