In the following chapter, a literary review of the translation of XHYs will be made.  Some researches at home concerning about this field will be listed, including Zhang Peiji, Bao Huinan, Yang Xiongkun, Chen Zongyu, Lu Zhijun, ZhaoQiong and Li Dongyang to offer some references to the present thesis study. By referring to and making comparisons among the previous studies, the writer will point out the advantages and some disadvantages of those studies, If you want to understand the thesis ,You must be serious under the guidance of Nida’s functional equivalence.
In Chapter 1,it mainly mentions why culture is so important in XHYs translation.
In Chapter 2, it is necessary for us to understand relationship between Translation and Culture.
In Chapter 3, based on Eugene A Nida’s “functional equivalence” and the effect of “readers response”, the writer points out that one should do his best to express the meanings of the original texts as faithful as possible in the translation of XHYs. In other words, “Our ideal in translation is to produce on the minds of our readers as nearly as possible the same effect as was produced by the original on its readers”(Souter, 1920: 7). Therefore, according to Nida’s view that he emphasizes the importance and necessity of similar response of readers, saying that it is an easy and natural style in translating .It  is nevertheless essential to producing the ultimate receptors a response similar to that of the original receptors”(1964: 163), There will be put forward four translation strategies for the translation after citing and analyzing large numbers of XHYs . The four methods are as follows: literal translation, loan translation, liberal translation and literal translation with footnotes.
Chapter 4 is the center of the whole thesis. This chapter is pided into three parts. It begins with the definition of culture in the first part before going on to the business of cultural differences. The second part talks about the Relationship among Culture, Language and Translation. And the third part mainly deals with the limitations of translatability in XHYs caused by cultural differences.
Finally, Chapter 5 is the conclusion of the thesis. The writer points out that culture factors should be paid attention to in the process of translation .
II. Translation and Culture

2.1 The Background of the Translation of XHYs
The Chinese XHYs play a very important role in embodying the profound Chinese culture in a particular way. Belonging to one kind of Chinese idioms, it is famous for its vividness, humor and mock. so that it wins the popularity from the government officials to the laboring people. The unique linguistic structures and ways of expressing also provide with XHYs a solid status in literary works. many a man of letters take fond of employing this rhetorical methods and the functions of XHYs are applying to the utmost. It is the factors which are culturally featured in XHYs that make it difficult for the translation of XHYs, of which the main is full consideration for the transmission of information from the SL to the TL both linguistically and culturally when one is doing translation. In 1990s, scholars at home set about the study on the translation of XHYs, hoping that a series of theories can be formed as guidelines for the translation of XHYs. Although the previous studies on this field were numerous and affluent, they mainly focused on the issue of the domination in English, classification, structures, origins and the rhetorical functions and seldom touched upon the translation of XHYs from a cultural perspective.
With the enhancement of the communication between the Chinese and western cultures, more and more foreigners come to take interest in the Chinese culture and they have a strong desire to know more about it. As part of the Chinese culture, XHYs have aroused their attention, which made it possible the study on the translation of XHYs. Those scholars who have been studying in this field are mostly Chinese. The representative ones are Professor Zhang Peiji(1979), whose study focuses on the translation of Chinese idioms, and Bao Huinan (2001), whose study lays emphasis on the idiom translation from a cultural perspective. Others such as Zhao Qiong (2007) and Lu Zhijun (2006) live on the argumentation from an angle of reception aesthetics; Yang Xiongkun (2005) applies the principles of equivalence; Chen Zongyu (1997) and Li Dongyang (2007) and so on. A detailed discussion on their contribution will be elaborated in next section. 从文化视角看歇后语的翻译(2):http://www.youerw.com/yingyu/lunwen_18482.html