In Nida’s book Towards a Science of Translating (1964), he first presented dynamic equivalence and formal equivalence. Then he explained dynamic equivalence in his book The Theory and Practice of Translation (1969). To avoid being misunderstood and provide a clearer meaning, Nida used “functional equivalence” rather than “dynamic equivalence” in From One Language to Another (1986). 从功能对等角度浅析《第二十二条军规》中译本(3):http://www.youerw.com/yingyu/lunwen_19902.html