摘要芳香族化合物的硝化反应是重要的亲电取代反应, 其区域选择性是目前硝化反应研究的热门课题之一，为替代传统工艺而进行的绿色硝化技术研究成为该领域的热点。本文以甲苯为硝化底物，以特殊的微玻璃反应器为核心，完成微反应系统的建立，采用表面活性剂、离子液体等催化剂，重点从反应转化率、异构体选择性等角度研究甲苯的绿色硝化。64294

(1)在微反应系统内，重点探索以硝酸为硝化剂甲苯硝化工艺研究。在优化工艺条件下对比常规反应器，反应时间缩短至原来的百分之一，甲苯的转化率在94.8%以上，一硝化选择性提高到99.4%以上，而邻/对比(o/p值)控制在1.25-1.35。

(2)将均相催化体系与微反应系统结合，重点从异构体选择性和反应转化率等角度研究简单芳烃的绿色硝化。在表面活性剂催化体系下，甲苯转化率达到95%，o/p值降为1.27；对比常规反应器，烷基苯转化率提高到95%以上。在离子液体催化体系下，甲苯转化率达到94%，o/p值降为1.25；对比常规反应器，烷基苯转化率提高到90%以上。

毕业论文关键词：微反应系统；微玻璃反应器；甲苯硝化；表面活性剂；离子液体

 毕业设计说明书（论文）外文摘要

Title   Selection of nitration of toluene in microreaction                    

Abstract Nitration of aromatic compounds is an important electrophilic substitution reaction, its regioselectivity is one of the hot topics of current research on the reaction of nitrification, denitrification and green technology to replace the traditional technology has become a hotspot in the field. In this paper, toluene nitrification substrates, with small glass special reactor core, micro reaction system was established, using the surface active agent, ionic liquid catalyst, focuses on the reaction conversion rate, selectivity to isomers of toluene nitration of green.

(1) in the reaction system, focuses on the study of toluene nitration process to nitric acid as nitrating agent. Under the optimized condition, compared to conventional reactor, the reaction time is shortened to one percent of the original, toluene conversion rate in 94.8% above, a selective nitration increased to more than 99.4%, and the adjacent / contrast (o/p) control in 1.25-1.35.

(2) the homogeneous catalytic system combined with micro reaction system, focuses on the study of simple aromatic hydrocarbons from isomer selectivity and conversion rate of green nitration. In the surfactant catalyst system, the toluene conversion rate reached 95%, o/p value was 1.27; in contrast to the conventional reactor, benzene conversion increased to more than 95%. The catalytic system of ionic liquid, toluene conversion rate reached 94%, o/p value was 1.25; in contrast to the conventional reactor, benzene conversion increased to more than 90%.

Key word: MEMS; micro glass reactor; toluene nitration; surface active agent; ionic liquid

 目  录

1 绪论 1

1.1 芳烃硝化中存在的问题 1

1.2 微通道反应器简介 1

1.3 微反应器的优点 3

1.4 微反应器在有机合成中的应用 4

1.5. 微反应器在硝化反应中的应用 6

1.6 本课题的研究目的及意义 7

1.7 本课题的研究内容 7

2 微反应系统内芳烃硝化工艺研究 8

2.1 实验部分 8

2.1.1 主要试剂与实验仪器 微反应器中甲苯硝化的选择性研究:http://www.youerw.com/yixue/lunwen_71379.html