摘要:随着工业的发展和技术的进步,电动机的改革也在不断进步,出现了各种各样的电动机。直流电机比起普通电机有很多有点,例如运行平稳、效率高以及调速性能好等特点。此外,直流电机也有着一些不可忽视的缺点,例如开机时的噪声非常大、制造电机的成本较高,而且由于技术的限制,使得修理电机比较困难,大大降低了直流电在各个领域的使用热度,例如工业制造、农业生产等。
而本文介绍的无刷直流电机是一个一个多变量、非线性的集成系统,它能够与电力电子器件和微电子器件之间进行联系。无刷直流电机结构也很简单,运行转速平稳,修理起来也很方便,同时,它还也具备一些交流电动机的特性,例如工作效率高、损耗小,成本较低等。所以,平板电脑周边、办公设备、家用电器和电动汽车以及工业控制等领域我们都能看到无刷直流电机的影子。而控制系统则是无刷直流电机必备的一种技术。本文所使用双闭环直流调速控制系统,就是一种当前应用非常广泛、适应大部分场合需求的控制系统。它具有转速与转矩响应快、精度高和稳定性好的特点。因为反馈闭环控制系统具有良好的抗干扰性能的关系,它可以保证在前向反馈通道上的一切干扰信号被有效的抑制,因此无刷直流电机双闭环控制系统的设计能够很好的保证各方面数据的准确性,进一步提高无刷直流电机的稳定性。本论文首先介绍了电机的发展史和发展状况、无刷电机的结构和工作原理和双闭环控制的原理和静动态特性等,然后利用Matlab/Simulink这个工具,分别建立无刷直流电机和闭环控制系统的数学模型,对系统模型进行仿真和分析。通过对所建立的模型的仿真,从而得到无刷直流电动机一些数据和波形。
关键词：无刷直流电机；双闭环控制；Matlab/Simulink仿真
Abstract :With the development of industry and the progress of technology, the reform of motor is also improving, and appear a variety of motor. Compared with the common motor, DC motor has a lot of advantages, such as stable operation, high efficiency and good speed performance characteristics. In addition, DC motor has some shortcomings, such as the noise caused by the startup, the cost of manufacturing motor is high, and because of the technical limit, make the repair of motor more difficult, greatly reduce the use of DC in various fields of heat, such as industrial production, agricultural production.
The brushless DC motor, introduced in this paper, is a multivariable and nonlinear integrated system, which can be connected with power electronic devices and microelectronic devices. Brushless DC motor structure is simple, running speed is stable, it is also convenient to repair, and it also has some characteristics of AC motor, such as high efficiency, low loss, low cost. Therefore, we can see the shadow of brushless DC motor in the areas of flat panel computers, office equipment, home appliances and electric vehicles, and industrial control. And the control system is a necessary technology of brushless DC motor. The double closed loop DC speed control system used in this paper is a kind of control system which is widely used and adapted to the needs of most occasions. It has the characteristics of fast speed, fast response, high precision and good stability. Because the feedback closed loop control system has good anti-jamming performance, it can ensure that all the interference signals on the forward feedback channels can be effectively suppressed, so the brushless DC motor double-loop control system design can ensure the accuracy of all aspects of data, further improve the stability of brushless DC motor. This paper first introduces the history and development of the motor, brushless motor structure and working principle and double closed-loop control principle and static dynamic characteristics, and then uses MATLAB / Simulink tool to establish brushless DC motor and closed-loop control system mathematical model, simulation and analysis of the system model. Through the simulation of the model, we can get some data and waveform of the brushless DC motor. 无刷直流电机双闭环控制系统设计+Matlab源程序:http://www.youerw.com/zidonghua/lunwen_203957.html