摘要天然气（Nature Gas，NG）作为一种新型清洁能源燃料，相比传统的船舶燃料能 实现硫氧化合物的零排放、大幅减少因油品燃烧产生的温室气体和颗粒物的排放，杜 绝油污对水的污染，是实现船舶节能减排的极佳选择。目前，使用 LNG 燃料的船舶 数量突飞猛进，主航线上相关基础设施项目规划也在增加，预计在未来的 5-10 年中 LNG 作为船用燃料的趋势将持续上升，到 2020 年前后全球 LNG 动力船的数量将达 到 1000 艘。84846
LNG 动力船的 LNG 汽化工艺及方法是决定其动力性能的关键技术，传统的 LNG 动力船汽化工艺过程中，利用海水作为热源，LNG 通过汽化器与海水进行热交换， 实现 LNG 的汽化并输送至船舶主机等动力设备。LNG 汽化后释放的大量冷能直接排 入海中，不仅造成海洋的冷污染，同时还产生了巨大的能源浪费。此外，船舶在航行 过程中主、辅产生大量的余热和废热，也被排放至海洋中，也造成了巨大的能源浪费。
本文通过比较分析现有 LNG 汽化工艺技术的局限性，提出了利用缸套冷却水代 替海水作为热源，为 LNG 汽化提供热量的汽化工艺，实现主机水冷却系统的热量与 LNG 汽化产生的冷量综合利用，本文以某动力为 24000kW 的 LNG 动力船型为研究 对象，设计了利用船舶主辅机缸套冷却水作为热源的 LNG 动力船高压和低压 LNG 汽化供气方案。针对不同的汽化工艺，采用理论分析和数值模拟的方法，对关键汽化 工艺参数，汽化器结构尺寸和性能等进行了多工况研究，获得了较优的 LNG 汽化及 供气技术路径，为 LNG 动力船的 LNG 汽化工艺及方法提供了有益的技术参考。
毕业论文关键字：LNG 动力船；LNG 汽化工艺；LNG 供气方案；缸套冷却水
Abstract Compared with the traditional ship, natural gas as a kind of new clean energy can realize zero discharge of sulfur oxides, reduce emissions of greenhouse gases and particles dramatically discharged by oil burning, and leading to the sea water pollution by oil discharged。 Natural gas is the excellent choice for energy conservation and emissions reduction as the ship power。 In recent ten years, the amount of ship using LNG as the fuel increases。 The main routes related infrastructure project planning are also on the increment。 It is expected , in the next 5 to 10 years, the trend of LNG used as the marine fuel will be continue to rise, and around 2020, the number of LNG powered ship will reach 1000 in the world。
LNG gasification process and method for LNG powered ship is the key technology , which will impact on its dynamic performance。 The traditional LNG gasification process uses water as a heat source。 In the evaporator, the LNG exchange heat with the sea, then LNG is evaporized into vapours and is delivered to the marine main engine and other power equipment。 After the LNG gasification, a large amount of cold energy is directly discharge into the sea, which not only causes the cold ocean pollution, but also caused the huge energy dicharged into sea water。 In addition, during the operation of the marine main engine and other power equipment, a large amount of waste heat produced by these equipment is dischargd into the sea, which caused a huge energy waste。
Through comparison and analysis the limitations of LNG gasification of traditional technology, the new technique of LNG gasification process, using cylinder jacket cooling water as heat source instead of seawater, was proposed in this paper, which realized the comprehensive utilization of the heat energy from the cooling system of marine engine and the cold energy from LNG gasification。 The technique and system of LNG gasification for one kind LNG powered ship with 24000kW power out were designed and analyzed。 The LNG gasification and supply system, using jacket cooling water from the main auxiliary engineas a heat source, with high and low operation pressure for LNG powered ship were investigated。 The key parameters of gasification process, the structure charactors and gasification performance of evaporator for different gasification process were calculated and analyzed with the theoretical method and numerical simulation。 The optimal solutions of LNG gasification and supply technology for LNG power ship was proposed in this paper, which provide a useful technical reference for LNG gasification process and methods used in LNG powered ship。 LNG动力船LNG汽化工艺研究与设计:http://www.youerw.com/jixie/lunwen_101006.html