苦参提取液对小麦条锈病菌的抑菌作用
时间:2019-09-24 12:58 来源:毕业论文 作者:毕业论文 点击:次
| 摘要：小麦条锈病菌是危害我国小麦生产的重要病害之一，现阶段主要使用化学药剂防治，现在为了开发生物药剂而选取苦参为本试剂。为明确苦参提取液对小麦条锈病菌的抑菌作用，现在用生物试验方法来测定，其通过室内孢子萌发实验和试验室种植实验测定苦参提取液对小麦条锈病菌的抑制作用。结果表明，苦参提取液对小麦条锈病菌确有抑制作用，只是与苦参浓度有关。在孢子萌发实验中的最佳抑制浓度为9mg/mL,其抑制率为81.6%；试验种植实验中，喷洒三次药物的处理组的病情指数相对防效为97.3。在试验对比中，喷洒三次苦参提取液的效果最好，比喷洒一次药剂的提高了70.2个百分点，比喷洒俩次药剂的提高了11.5个百分点，并且与百理通药剂的效果差不多。实验结论：苦参提取液对小麦条锈病的发生确实有较好的抑制作用，在小麦条锈病的高发期，喷洒这种药物可以很好的防治条锈病的发生。对于后续的喷洒次数，间隔时间，药性持续时间，是否有残留，是否会有一定的副作用，有待进一步研究。39416 毕业论文关键词：苦参；提取液；小麦；条锈病菌；抑菌作用 Antibacterial Sophora Extract of Wheat Stripe Rust Pathogen Abstract: Wheat stripe rust is one of the major diseases of wheat production and harm, at this stage the main use of chemical control, and now in order to develop biopharmaceuticals and select Sophora based reagents. Inhibition of Sophora extract the clear wheat stripe rust, and now the biological test method to measure, test and test its experimental determination of Sophora was planted to wheat stripe rust inhibition extracted by the indoor spore germination. The results showed that, Sophora extract of wheat stripe rust inhibition indeed, know only the Sophora concentration. Spore germination experiment at the best inhibitory concentration of 9mg / mL, the inhibition rate was 81.6; test planting experiments, spray three times the drug treatment group relative disease index efficacy was 97.3. In the test comparison, spray three times Sophora extract the best, than spraying a chemical increased 70.2 percentage points higher than two times spraying agents increased 11.5 percent, and the effect is almost hundred-arguments agents. The experimental results: Sophora extract of wheat stripe rust occurrence indeed better inhibition, the high incidence of wheat stripe rust, spray the drug can be a good control stripe rust occurred. For subsequent spraying frequency, time interval, drug duration, residual, whether there will be some side effects, for further study. Keywords: Sophora flavescens;Extract;wheat;Puccinia striiformis;Antimicrobial effect 目 录 摘要： 1 引言 2 1.材料与方法 3 1.1试验时间及地点 3 1.2材料 3 1.3试验方法 3 1.3.1苦参提取液的制备 3 1.3.2室内孢子萌发试验 3 1.3.3苦参提取液对孢子萌发抑制率的测定 4 1.3.4实验室种植小麦试验 4 2.结果与分析 5 2.1孢子萌发试验结果 5 2.2 试验种植小麦防治结果 5 3.结论 6 参考文献 7 致谢 9 苦参提取液对小麦条锈病菌的抑菌作用 引言 小麦条锈病是由担子菌纲、锈菌目、柄锈科条形柄锈菌引起的气传性病害，是危害我国小麦生产上最重要病害之一[8]。在病害传播中属于远程气传，其传播特点有分布广、传播速度快、发生范围广，发病特点有流行频率高、暴发性强、防治难度大、危害严重等，在我国华北、淮北、西北、西南等小麦种植区的尤为严重，可以让亩产和总产量减少甚至颗粒无收，对我国这样的需粮大国可以说是影响相当大[8]。 (责任编辑：qin) |