桃园土壤重金属含量监测与昆虫种类多样性关联研究

摘要随着生活质量的提高，水果消费正由数量型向质量型转变，桃作为浙江新发展的水果也备受关注。为探讨桃园土壤重金属的含量与昆虫种类多样性的关联，本实验对浙江省三个地区（嘉兴、富阳、奉化）的桃园展开了调查，共采集昆虫标本23247号，嘉兴桃园13856号，富阳桃园5577号，奉化桃园3844号，其中鞘翅目、鳞翅目、半翅目、双翅目等为优势类群。害虫和天敌昆虫的种类和数量波动的结果表明，富阳桃园天敌昆虫对害虫昆虫能起到较好的调控，而嘉兴和奉化桃园的调控能力相对比较薄弱。分析各项群落结构特征指数（物种数、群落总数、多样性指数、优势集中性指数和均匀度指数）的时间动态，结果表明各桃园昆虫群落的相对稳定性的大小为：富阳＞奉化＞嘉兴。通过对土壤、水体的重金属含量的测定和计算，结果表明其各项含量皆符合无公害果园各项重金属元素的含量限值。其中富阳和奉化桃园土壤锌（Zn）含量较嘉兴高，而铜（Cu）、镍（Ni）和铬（Cr）含量较嘉兴低。结合重金属在土壤、植食性昆虫、捕食性昆虫体内的传递和累积效应，研究分析得出桃园土壤中重金属Cu、Ni、Cr含量越高，其桃园内的昆虫种类多样性越低，表明两者之间存在一定的关联性，这为深入探索和研究果园土壤重金属含量对生物多样性（包括间接受影响的昆虫群落）的影响提供了理论依据。89310

Abstract With the development of our life quality, the consumption of fruit is from quantitative to qualitative。 As for a new development fruit, the peach has been concerned closely。 To reveal the correlation between soil heavy metal concentration and insect persity in peach orchards, three main peach production areas (Jianxing, Fuyang, Fenghua) in Zhejiang was investigated。 The results shows that 22327 insects were collected, 13778 insects from Jiaxing peach orchard, 5511 insects from Fuyang peach orchard, 3614 insects from Fenghua peach orchard。 Among them, insects in Coleoptera, Lepidoptera, Hemiptera and Diptera are the dominant groups。 According to the amount and species’ change of natural enemies and injurious insects, it knows that natural enemies can control well to the injurious insects in Fuyang peach orchard, but weak in Jiaxing and Fenghua peach orchard。 The index characteristics of insect community（including species richness, inpidual number, persity index, dominant concentration index, evenness index）show that stability in three different peach orchards is Fuyang> Fenghua> Jiaxing。 Through the determination of heavy metal concentration of soil and water, it can find that all the concentrations are all under the pollution-free orchard content limit。 And Zn concentration is higher in Fuyang and Fenghua than Jiaxing peach orchard，but the copper (Cu), nickel (Ni) and chromium (Cr) concentration are lower。 Combining with the heavy metal’s transfer and cumulative effect between soil, phytophagous and predatory insects, it comes to the conclusion that the higher soil heavy metal concentrations in copper, nickel and chromium is, the lower insect species persity is, and it has a correlation between them。 This provides theory basis for further exploration and study on the correlation between the soil heavy metal concentration and biopersity, including the insect community which effected indirectly。

毕业论文关键词：桃园；昆虫多样性；优势种；指数分析；重金属含量源Y于U优I尔O论P文W网wwW.yOueRw.com 原文+QQ75201-8766

Keyword: peach orchard；insect persity；dominant species；index analysis；heavy metal concentration

引言 4

1研究地区和实验方法 4

1。1 研究区域概况桃园土壤重金属含量监测与昆虫种类多样性关联研究:http://www.youerw.com/shengwu/lunwen_184316.html