摘要现代汽车、电动车工业发展迅速，带动了相关铅蓄电池产业，蓄电池产业废水中含 大量对生物体危害极大的重金属铅离子，外泄的废水对环境造成了极大的威胁。为了吸 附回收污染环境的铅离子，本文以铅离子为印迹模板，壳聚糖为功能单体，KH-560 为 偶联剂，变色硅胶为结构载体，制备对铅离子有特异性吸附的印迹多孔材料。84542

运用分光光度计、电感耦合等离子体发射光谱仪（ICP）、扫描电镜等仪器，表征分 析印迹多孔材料形貌特征、铅离子浓度，研究不同酸碱度、吸附时间等条件下印迹多孔 材料对铅离子的吸附性能的影响、印迹材料的吸附容量。通过对铅离子印迹材料形貌表 征和吸附行为分析，探究铅离子印迹材料的吸附机理，揭示印迹多孔材料的吸附性能。 研究结果表明，扫描电镜显微下观察印迹吸附材料，具有能特定吸附铅离子的特殊 的空穴结构。通过控制吸附条件，考察铅离子印迹多孔材料的吸附性能，实验得到，铅 离子印迹材料能选择性吸附铅离子，吸附容量约为 1。79 mg/g，吸附过程表现为 pH 为 5。5，

吸附时间为 6 h 时，印迹材料对铅离子的去除率为 83。4%，印迹材料吸附性能研究得到 印迹材料对铅的吸附能力为非印迹材料的 4。7 倍。铅离子印迹材料对锌的相对选择性系 数达 29。3，对铜离子的相对选择性为 24。7，对镍离子的相对选择性系数为 28。6。

毕业论文关键词：铅；离子印迹材料；吸附容量；选择性吸附

Abstract The modern automobile and electric vehicle industry developed rapidly, which bring energy to the relevant lead-acid battery industry。 the wastewater from battery industry containing a large number of lead ions which have serious damage to organisms, leakage of wastewater the environment caused great threat 。in order to solve the problem of adsorption of lead ions, this paper takes lead ion as template, chitosan as functional monomer, KH-560 as a coupling agent, silica gel as the carrier structure, used bulk polymerization, synthetized imprinted porous materials with the specific adsorption of lead ions。

By using spectrophotometer, inductively coupled plasma emission spectrometer (ICP), scanning electron microscope, the characterization of the imprinted porous materials morphology, the concentration of lead ions。 Discuss the adsorption capacity of lead ions of the imprinted materials,and the adsorption properties of imprinted porous materials under the condition of the different pH degree and different adsorption time。 By means of lead ion imprinted material morphology characterization and adsorption behavior, analysis to explore the mechanism of adsorption of lead ion imprinted material, reveal  the adsorption performance of the imprinted porous materials。

The results showed that the imprinted materials were observed under the scanning electron microscope, and the special hole structures of the specific adsorption of lead ions could be observed。 , selective adsorption of lead ion, adsorption capacity about 1。79 mg / g, adsorption process is pH 5。5, adsorption time is 6 h, removal rate of lead ion was 83。4%。 Researches about adsorption properties of imprinted material prove the capacity of imprinted material on lead adsorption 4。7 times higher than that of the non imprinted materials。The relative selectivity coefficient of lead ion imprinted material to zinc was 29。3, the relative selectivity of copper ion was 24。7, and the relative selectivity coefficient was 28。6。

Key words: Lead; ion imprinted material; adsorption capacity; selective adsorption

目录

第一章 绪论 1

1。1  铅污染现状 1