摘要FCB法是一种应用于船用大平板对接单面焊双面成形的焊接技术。它是在铜衬垫上撒布一层4-6mm衬垫焊剂，通过使用简易顶升装置，使工件与焊剂贴紧，从正面施行焊接，就可以达到单面焊接双面成形的结果。衬垫焊剂在受热固化后，会强制背面焊缝成型。衬垫焊剂的热固化性能对获得高质量的背面焊缝的影响巨大。87018

为了熟悉焊剂的制作方法，本课题先根据FCB埋弧焊的特点和冶金反应过程来确定焊剂成分的含量,进行了基础焊剂的试制。为了获得良好的背面焊缝成型及脱渣性，还需要选择合适的渣系。本课题研制了一种渣系为MgO-CaO-SiO2、碱度为1。67的烧结焊剂作为基础焊剂。

衬垫焊剂是由表面的树脂膜和基础焊剂两部分组成。将基础焊剂根据铸造覆膜机理进行覆膜。本课题选择的固化剂是2402树脂，辅以乌洛托品能在高温下能够将基础焊剂固化成块，衬托焊缝背面金属，达到背面成形的效果，满足FCB法衬垫焊剂的要求。本课题研究了2402树脂的固化机理、固化效果与树脂加入量、固化温度和固化时间之间的关系。并研究了自制焊剂的焊接工艺性及其焊得焊缝的机械性能。

毕业论文关键词：FCB埋弧焊；衬垫焊剂；2402树脂；固化反应

Abstract The FCB method is a kind of welding technology which is applied in the welding of large flat plate butt welding。 It is in the copper liner spreading a layer of 4-6mm liner flux, by using simple jacking device, work piece and the flux close, from a positive implementation of welding can achieve single double-sided welding forming results。 Liner flux after heat curing, will force the back seam molding。 The thermal curing property of the liner flux has great influence on the high quality of the back weld。

In order to familiar with the production method of flux, the subject first according to the characteristics of  FCB submerged arc welding and metallurgical reaction process to determine the content of the flux composition, the basic flux of the trial。 In order to obtain good weld formation and slag removal, it is needed to select a suitable slag system。 In this paper, a kind of sintered flux based on MgO-CaO-SiO2 and alkalinity is 1。67, which is used as basic flux。

The liner flux is made up of two parts of the surface of the resin film and the base flux。 the base flux be filmed based on the mechanism of film covering。 The topic selection of curing agent is 2402 resin, supplemented with hexamethylenetetramine can in high temperature can be based flux solidified into a block, foil back of weld metal, achieve the effect of negative forming meet FCB liner flux。 The relationship between the curing mechanism, the curing effect and the amount of the resin, the curing temperature and the curing time of the 2402 resin was studied。

Key words: FCB submerged arc welding; liner flux; 2402 resin; curing reaction

目  录

第一章 绪 论 1

1。1课题研究背景及目的 1

1。2焊剂的发展状况 5

1。3 FCB法焊接材料现状 6

1。4本课题研究内容 7

第二章  焊剂的设计 9

2。1引言 9

2。2基础焊剂的成分设计 9

2。2。1碱度和渣系的确定 9

2。2。2 成分比例的确定 10

2。3 粘结剂的选择 11

2。3。1 焊剂的固化要求