摘要在工业上钢液脱氧在最后阶段时使用的是工业纯铝（铝锭）。其脱氧产物Al2O3，在钢液中呈细小的固体颗粒，弥散分布在钢液内不易上浮。在钢液浇注时这些颗粒非常容易附着在水口上，形成结瘤甚至堵塞水口，对钢的连铸生产的连浇率、成材率和铸坯质量产生很大的影响。为此，往往采用Al-Ca合金，用钙来对Al脱氧产物进行变性处理，但由于Al-Ca合金密度较低，脱氧效率低，效果不理想。为了提高脱氧剂合金的比重，拟采用Fe-Al-Ca合金作为脱氧剂。在Al-Ca-Fe合金的生产中，由于Ca的熔点低、蒸汽压大，生产条件（温度、压力）会影响Ca元素的收得率。本课题的目的就在于通过控制变量法研究压力及温度对Fe-Al-Ca合金熔炼中Ca收得率的影响，从而寻找合适的Fe-Al-Ca合金的生产条件和熔炼工艺参数。通过实验得出：（1）铝钙铁合金制备时，在一定温度下，随着压强的增加，钙的收得率逐渐增加。（2）在实验条件下，熔炼Al-Ca-Fe脱氧剂时钙收得率的主要影响因素是温度，压力为次要影响因素。63473

关键词：炼钢脱氧，Al-Ca-Fe合金脱氧剂，Ca收得率，控制变量法

Abstract

In the industrial steel liquid deoxidation used in the last stage of industrial pure aluminum (aluminum). Its Al2O3, a small solid particles in the liquid steel, the dispersion is not easy to float in the liquid steel. These particles are very easy to attach on the nozzle when pouring molten steel, forming a knot or even clogging the nozzle, which has a great influence on steel casting. In order to increase the proportion of the addition of the alloy and the influence of the steel production, the Fe-Al-Ca alloy is used as a. In the production of Al-Ca-Fe alloy, due to the low melting point of Ca, large vapor pressure, production conditions (temperature, pressure) will affect the yield of Ca elements. The purpose of this research is to study the influence of pressure on the yield of Ca in Fe-Al-Ca alloy smelting by controlling variable method, so as to obtain the suitable conditions for the production of Fe-Al-Ca alloy. Through experiments, it is concluded that: (1) in a certain temperature, with the increase of pressure, the yield of calcium increases gradually with the increase of pressure. (2) in the experimental conditions, the main influence factors of the yield of the calcium yield during the melting of Al-Ca-Fe is the temperature, the pressure is the main influence factor.

Keywords:Steel smelting,Al-Ca-Fe alloy,Ca yield rate,Control variable method

目录

1 课题研究背景、内容及目的意义 1

2 文献综述 2

2.1 炼钢为何需要脱氧剂 2

2.2 脱氧剂类型及脱氧机理 2

2.3 炼钢时过量氧的主要危害 3

2.4 钢水脱氧 3

2.5 钢中非金属夹杂物来源 4

2.6 非金属夹杂物对钢的塑性和韧性的影响 5

2.7 钙处理对钢中非金属夹杂物的影响 5

2.8 Ca-Al系列合金的冶炼方法 6

2.9 Ca-Al合金脱氧的特点 7

2.10 相图 7

2.11 一种炼钢用铝钙铁脱氧剂专利 8

3 实验研究方法 9

3.1 实验原材料 9

3.2 实验用设备及装置 10

3.3 实验步骤