摘要：在本文中，共制备了6组聚氨酯，分别是有机硅含量为0.0%、0.5%、1.0%、2.0%的聚氨酯弹性体及两组添加了1.0%二氧化钛的聚氨酯和1.0%蜡粉的聚氨酯弹性体。先比较了含1.0%有机硅、1.0%二氧化钛和1.0%蜡粉的聚氨酯样品，通过扫描电镜分析，发现含1.0%有机硅的聚氨酯样品的微相分离程度相比较高，可以看出添加有机硅可以促进聚氨酯的微相分离程度。接着比较4组有机硅含量不同的聚氨酯样品，测试四组样品的光透过率和雾度及断裂强度和断裂伸长率，可以发现有机硅的含量对样品的光透过率和雾度及断裂强度和断裂伸长率的影响十分明显。经过红外光谱分析和示差扫描量热分析，可以确认随着加入硅氧烷含量的增加，聚氨酯弹性体微相分离的程度相应增加，进而影响聚氨酯弹性体的其他性能。63474

毕业论文关键词：有机硅氧烷；聚氨酯弹性体；微相分离

Effect of siloxane on Microphase Separation and properties of polyurethane elastomer 

Abstract：In this paper, 6 groups of different polyurethanes were prepared. They are four groups of polyurethane elastomers with organic silicon content of 0.0%, 0.5%, 1.0% and 2.0%, and the polyurethane elastomers with 1.0% titanium dioxide and 1.0% wax powder. The polyurethanes with 1.0% organic silicon, 1.0%titanium dioxide and 1.0% wax powder were compared frist.Through the SEM, We found that the degree of microphase separation of polyurethane with 1% organic silicon was higher. It can be seen that the addition of silicone can promote the degree of microphase separation of polyurethane. Then compare the 4 groups of different content of polyurethane with organic silicon. We tested the optical transmittance、haze、fracture strength and elongation at break of the four groups of polyurethane. We can find that the content of organic silicon has a significant effect on the optical transmittance、haze、fracture strength and elongation at break. Through the DSC and the FTIR, it can be confirmed that the degree of microphase separation of polyurethane elastomers increases with the increase of the content of organic silicon.And then it affected the other performance of polyurethane elastomer.

Keywords：siloxane；PU；Micro phase separation.

目 录

1 绪论 1

1.1 引言 1

1.2 聚氨酯弹性体 1

1.2.1 聚氨酯弹性体的分类 1

1.2.2 聚氨酯弹性体的制备方法 3

1.2.3 聚氨酯弹性体的改性 4

1.3 微相分离 5

1.3.1 微相分离的影响因素 5

1.4 课题的研究意义 6

2 实验部分 8

2.1实验原料及实验仪器设备 8

2.1.1 化学试剂及原料 8

2.1.2 仪器设备 8

2.2 实验过程 9

2.2.1 原料的预处理 9

2.2.2 制备样品 9

2.3 表征方法 10

2.3.1傅里叶红外光谱仪（FT-IR） 10

2.3.2 扫描电镜（SEM） 10

2.3.3 差示扫描量热法（DSC） 10

2.3.4 雾度计 10

2.3.5 拉伸测试 11

3 结果与讨论