摘要：本实验以化学插层法制备可膨胀石墨的过程，运用正交实验方法系统研究各种酸的用量以及反应温度、时间对可膨胀石墨品质的影响，得到最优反应配比；采用SEM、XRD等方法观察与分析膨胀石墨的微观结构与特性，并制备了导电尼龙复合材料，分析膨胀石墨对于尼龙导电性的影响。结果表明：制备膨胀石墨的最佳条件：氧化温度为40℃；氧化时间维持在60min；石墨（g）：高氯酸（ml）：浓硝酸（ml）：冰乙酸（ml）=1:1:1:1.5;膨胀温度为900℃。膨胀处理不会改变石墨晶型，只扩大片层。制得的复合材料导电率由10-15S/cm提高到10-3S/cm。68192

毕业论文关键词   插层法、正交实验、膨胀石墨、导电复合材料

毕业设计说明书（论文）外文摘要

Title   The surface modification of Expanded graphite and the   Preparation of Conductive Composites                                                   

Abstract

This study explored the preparation of  expandable graphite by chemical intercalation process ,using perchloric acid, concentrated nitric acid as an oxidizing agent, aided by glacial acetic acid as the intercalation agent. During the experiment,we use orthogonal experiment method to study the impacts on the quality of expandable graphite causing by various acid dosage and the reaction temperature and time .At last,we gained the optimal reaction ratio.In our experiment, we observed and analyzed the microstructure and surface characteristics of the expandable graphite  by using SEM, XRD and other methods. Meanwhile, we also prepared conductive nylon composite material and researched its conductivity , and we get the influence of the expandable graphite on the electrical conductivity of nylon.The results showed that: the best conditions for preparing expanded graphite: oxidizing temperature at 40 ℃; oxidation time at 60min; graphite (g): perchloric acid (ml): concentrated nitric acid (ml): glacial acetic acid (ml) = 1:1 : 1:1.5; expansion temperature at 900 ℃.The experimental expansion treatment does not change the graphite crystal type, only to expand the layers.The conductive of the composite we obtained increased from 10-15S/cm to 10-3S/cm.

Keywords  chemical intercalation process、orthogonal experiment method 、expandable graphite、conductive composite.

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