摘要三维石墨烯，拥有互连的三维网络、优异的机械柔韧性、大的比表面积、高的 热稳定性和化学稳定性以及极高的导电性。三维石墨烯泡沫是以镍泡沫为模版用化 学气相沉积（CVD）法制备，石墨烯片层在镍表面生长并连接为一个整体，因此继 承了泡沫镍各向同性的、多孔的三维骨架结构，并且使用的碳源多为气体或挥发的 液体（气态）。目前三维石墨烯的制备需要有气体碳源的控制系统，同时使用危险 的甲烷、乙醇等物质。本课题用高聚物作为固体碳源，改进以 CVD 法制备三维石 墨烯，并初步探索影响因素。一些高聚物具有含碳量高、杂质元素少和能够被溶解 配制成溶液等性质，并且能够经过加热挥发溶剂后固化在物体表面。本课题针对此 特性，从成分、缺陷、形貌、吸附性能等方面，初步探求了固体碳源在不同参数下 制备三维石墨烯的效果。同时使用不同的高聚物作为碳源，证实了高聚物作为固体 碳源的通用性，拓宽了 CVD 法制备三维石墨烯的应用领域。81233

毕业论文关键词：三维石墨烯；化学气相沉积法（CVD）；固体碳源；影响因素

Abstract Three-dimensional graphene, a three-dimensional interconnected network, has an excellent mechanical flexibility, favorable thermal and chemical stability, high specific surface area and high electrical conductivity。 Three-dimensional graphene foam is prepared on the nickel foam template by chemical vapor deposition (CVD)。 As the graphene sheets grow on the nickel surface and connected as a whole, the three-dimensional graphene inherit the isotropy and the porous three-dimensional skeleton structure of nickel foam。 Also, the carbon sources are usually gases or volatile liquids (gaseous state)。 At present, the preparation of three-dimensional  graphene requires a gas control system of carbon source, while using dangerous substances as methane, ethanol and so on。 This paper study the using the polymer as a solid carbon source to prepare the three-dimensional graphene, improve the preparation by method of CVD, and explore the factors initially。 Some polymers have a high carbon content, low impurity elements and solubility that can be dissolved and formulated as solutions。 They also can solidify on the surface after the solvent evaporated by heating。 For this feature, the paper explores the effects of the initial three-dimensional solid carbon graphene prepared under different parameters from the aspects of composition, defects, morphology and adsorption performance。 Simultaneously, using different polymers as carbon source confirmed versatility of carbon source and broadens the application of preparation of 3D graphene by CVD。

Keywords: three-dimensional graphene; chemical vapor deposition (CVD); solid carbon source; influencing factor

目录 

第一章 绪论 1

1。1  引言 1

1。2  石墨烯的基本性能 1

1。2。1  石墨烯的化学性能 1

1。2。2  石墨烯的物理性能 2

1。3  现有制备石墨烯的方法 4

1。3。1  微机械剥离法 4

1。3。2  石墨插层法 4

1。3。3  溶液剥离法 4

1。3。4  氧化还原法 5

1。3。5  溶液中三维石墨烯凝胶的自组装 5

1。3。6  化学气相沉积法