-
Fractionating and absorption columns are one of the basic and most important forms of technologi-
- 上一篇：公司治理与创新英文文献和翻译
- 下一篇：齿轮和轴机械设计英文文献和翻译
cal apparatus in petroleum refining, petrochemical, and other industries.3807
Up to 1962, domestic petroleum refining machine factories put out principally fractionating or
other column apparatus with channeled plates or bubble caps.
The increasing volume of petroleum refining, the need for preparing pure products for the needs
of chemical industry, plus other factors, required the production of new, large-sized, metal-construction,
highly productive apparatus, to ensure reliable operation and sharp product separation.
For these purposes, eight test units have been made up in the State Scientific-Research and Plan-
ning Institute for Petroleum Equipment ("Giproneftemash"), designed to carry out experimental con-
structional and investigative work connected with the production and introduction of new types of frac-
tionating columns into domestic industry. The units made up, with diameters from 300 to 1200 ram,
operate on the systems air - water or o-xylene - toluene, at temperatures up to 200~ and pressures
of 1 to 10 kg/cm 2,
One of the main units operating on the water-air system (cold) is a column of Plexiglas, 1200ram
in diameter, in which three of the plates to be tested are set up. The unit operates on a closed cycle
with respect to water, which is transferred by a pump from a reservoir which serves as the base of the
column and is fed onto the upper plate. Air is taken in from the atmosphere by a blower, is fed under
the lower plate and, passing through the plates and a baffle set on the upper plate, exits into the atmosphere.
Tests on the unit are carried out by a method which provides for determination of the hydraulic
resistance of a plate or its component parts, liquid entrainment onto the next higher plate, operating
range of the plato (as a function of entrainment or plate flooding), static level of liquid on the plate,
longitudinal liquid mixing, concentration distribution of liquid with respect to the plate, mass-transfer
on the plate, etc. Plate operation at air velocities up to 3 m/sec and water input up to 100 m~/h can be