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摘要改革开放以来，我国经济迅速发展，城市化脚步也是不断加快。大量农村人口涌入城市，导致城市人口极度膨胀，交通堵塞成为城市化进程中的一大难题。随着科学技术的不断进步，地铁的出现在一定程度上缓解了这个问题，为人们的交通出行提供了很大方便。但是，地铁在为人们带来便利的同时也埋下了不少安全隐患。地铁的建设属于难度系数比较大的工程，施工安全风险大。稍有不慎，开挖过程中的引起的岩土体变形就会导致地铁重大安全事故的发生。地铁事故不仅会给国家和人民带来重大的经济损失和人员伤亡，还会给整个社会带来恶劣的影响。为此，我们需要对地铁进行变形监测，保证人民的生命和财产安全。39517
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本论文主要讲述了地铁变形监测的目的、工作内容和监测方法等。结合南京某段地铁监测工程实例，对其进行变形监测的方案设计。主要包括工程概况、技术依据、监测点的布设、测量方法的选择、测量精度和观测周期的确定等。
利用合理的设计方案，对地铁隧道进行全方面的监测，能够实现信息反馈，达到信息化施工的目的。只有这样，我们才能保证地铁建设能够正常安全进行。
毕业论文关键词：城市地铁，变形监测，方案设计
Abstract Since the reform and opening-up, the development of China is in advanced .Because of this, the pace of urbanization is also speeding up .The influx of rural population into the city leads to extreme expansion of traffic congestion,which has become a major problem in the process of urbanization.With the continuous progress of science and technology, the emergence of the subway alleviate this problem to a degree, which provides great convenience for people's travel.However, it also plants a lot of security risks at the same time.The construction of the subway is relatively hard and dangerous.A little careless, soil and rock deformation caused by excavation will lead to the occurrence of major subway accidents . Not only A subway accident brings economic losses and casualties for the country and people , but also brings bad influence to the whole society.Therefore, we need to carry out deformation monitoring on subway to ensure the safety of people's lives and property.
This paper mainly describes the purpose of monitoring, work content and monitoring method of deformation of subway.According to a Nanjing subway monitoring project, I design the project of the deformation monitoring, which mainly includes the general situation of the engineering, technical basis, layout of monitoring points, measurement method, measurement accuracy and observation period determination.
With the use of reasonable project,we can monitor all aspects of the subway tunnel,which will realize information feedback and the purpose of information construction achieved.Only in this way ,can we ensure the safety of subway construction to normal.
Key words： urban subway, deformation monitoring, project
目 录
摘 要 I
Abstract II
1 绪 论 1
1.1 概述 1
1.1.1 变形监测的概念 1
1.1.2 变形监测的研究目的及意义 1
1.2 国内外研究现状 2
1.2.1 传统地面测量技术 2
1.2.2 近景摄影测量技术 2
1.2.3 GPS测量技术 2
1.2.4 “3S”技术集成 3
1.2.5 测量机器人 3
2工程简介 4
2.1 工程概况 4
2.1.1 结构概况 4
2.1.2 基坑规模 4
2.2 周边环境概况 4