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摘要： 儿童是国家的未来，我们常说孩子是祖国的小苗苗，一个国家的未来能发展成什么样子，就取决于这个国家的孩子拥有怎样的性格与品质，人格与智慧。因此一个国家的儿童福利制度的水平从某个层次来说也意着会给我们国家带来同等水平的未来。改革开放以来，我国社会便开始了转型，各种儿童福利制度缺失的问题日渐浮现，情况日益严峻。如何解决这些孤残儿童的生存、生活问题和将来如何发展，成为一个怎样的人，诸如此类的问题，是构建和谐社会，创建美好未来的重要议题之一。
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根据统计在册的数据显示，在我们国家，18岁以下就失去双亲，查不到亲生父母的孤儿是61.5万名[1]，其中，包含着在民政部和儿童福利机构中能够被抚养的孤儿的数量，是10.9万名[1]，于是，做一个简单的算术题，我们就能看到另一个信息，那就是在我国，有50.6万名[1]的孤儿是无法在正规公办的或是官方的福利机构中被领养，他们只能散落在我国广阔的民间，为自己的生存而努力，其中的艰辛可想而知。而从上述数据中我们也可以看到这样一个信息，那就是我国目前针对孤残儿童的救助资源、手段及政策都有很大的欠缺，以现有的资源远远难以填满这个50多万的大坑，我国尚未形成一个为这部分孤残儿童提供充分救助与生活保障的体系。
本课题论文研究的目的在于通过对孤儿罹难悲剧引发关于中国社会福利制度缺失的思考希望可以找到解决或者改进我们在儿童福利制度上的缺失。在研究过程中，家庭寄养，成为关注的焦点。家庭是孩子们的天堂,对那些各种原因失去了家庭的孤残儿童,给他们慰藉的最好办法就是让他们重新进入家庭,融入社会。随着社会福利社会化的推进,家庭寄养作为一种新型的儿童养育方式正在我国各地推广起来。6437
关键词： 孤残儿童；家庭寄养；儿童福利；救助研究
Thinking of orphans victims of the tragedy caused by the absence of the social welfare system
Abstract: Children are the future of the country, we often say that the child is a small country seed, a country can develop into what the future looks like, it depends on the country's children have the kind of character and quality, personality and wisdom. Thus, a country's level of child welfare system also means that from a certain level, it will bring the same level of our country's future. Since reform and opening, China's social transformation began, all the missing child welfare system problem has surfaced, the situation is increasingly serious. How to resolve these orphaned children's survival, livelihood issues and how future development and become a kind of person, and so the problem is to build a harmonious society and create a better future one of the important topics.
According to statistics in the register of data shows that in our country, 18 years old lost both parents, finding biological parents are 615,000 orphans, which contains child welfare agencies in the Ministry of Civil Affairs and can be reared in the number of orphans, is 109,000, then do a simple arithmetic, we can get another message that in our country, there are 506,000 orphans are not in the formal or official government-run welfare institutions were adopted, they only can be scattered in the vast country folk, for their own survival and efforts, the hardships can be imagined. From the above data, we can also see a message that China's current rescue resources for orphans and disabled children, the means and policies have a great lack of existing resources far more difficult to fill the more than 50 million pit, China has not yet formed an orphaned child for this part to provide adequate relief and livelihood security system.
The purpose of this research project is to hope that we can find a solution to improve our missing child welfare institutional triggered by victims tragedy for orphans lack of thinking on the social welfare system in China. In the course of the study, family foster care, become the focus of attention. The family is a paradise for children, the orphans and disabled children of the family, who for various reasons lost to comfort the best way is to let them re-enter the home and integrate into society. With the advance of the socialization of social welfare, family foster care as a new type of child-rearing are all over the country to promote them.