摘  要：本文研究了用乙酸乙酯、丙酮作为提取剂，用超声提取法对向日葵盘进行提取。用液相色谱和气质联用对两种提取液进行检测，并用紫外/可见分光光度法测定了两种提取液中黄酮和总酚的含量，使用超氧负离子自由基、DPPH自由基和OH自由基清除法进行抗氧化活性的实验。液相色谱测试结果表明两种提取液都存在最大峰，在保留时间和相对峰面积分别为2.705min、76.4%和3.944min、79.4% 处。气质联用表明两种提取液的成分分别有31和24种；以芦丁和没食子酸分别作为黄酮和总酚含量测定标准，两种提取液的黄酮和总酚含量分别为，乙酸乙酯提取液(4.16±0.01)mg/g(相当于1g原材料，下同)和(0.91±0.01)mg/g；丙酮提取液(1.48±0.02)mg/g和(0.19±0.01)mg/g。两种提取液的O2-•清除率、DPPH•清除率和•OH清除率的IC50值分别为98.0mg /ml，54.9mg/ml，359.3mg/ml和245.1mg/ml，104.7mg/ml，1089mg/ml。结果表明，向日葵盘的各提取液均有一定的抗氧化活性。乙酸乙酯提取液中的黄酮和总酚的含量较高，抗氧化活性最强。60898

毕业论文关键字：向日葵盘，超声提取，黄酮，总酚，抗氧化活性

Abstract: In this paper, the flavonoids and total phenols were extracted by using method of the ultrasonic assisted ethyl acetate and acetone sequentially from the Sunflower plate; The components of two extracts were analyzed by using high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS); The contents of flavonoids and polyphenols in two extracts were mensurated by UV/Visible spectrophotometer, and the antioxidant properties of the extracts were evaluated by clearing the O2-•, the 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH•) and •OH test.Results showed that the ethyl acetate extract of Sunflower plate(EAS) and the acetone extract of Sunflower plate(AS) both have the antioxidant activity. The contents of flavonoids and total phenols in EAS were 4.16±0.01 mg/g, 0.91±0.01mg/g respectively. The IC50 value of EAS were singly 98.0mg/ml, 54.9mg/ml,359.3mg/ml for O2-•, DPPH and OH·. The contents of flavonoids and total phenols in AS were 1.48±0.02 mg/g, 0.19 ±0.01 mg/g respectively. The IC50 value of AS were singly 245.1mg/ml，104.7mg/ml，1089mg/ml for O2-•, DPPH• and •OH·.Compared EAS and AS, the content and antioxidant properties of EAS was stronger than AS.

Keywords: Sunflower plate, Ultrasonic extraction, Total phenolic, Flavonoids , Antioxidant activity

 1.  引言 4

2.  实验部分 4

2.1  材料、仪器与器材 4

2.2  黄酮的提取 5

2.3  提取液成分分析 5

2.4  黄酮测试方法 6

2.5  总酚测定方法 7

2.6  抗氧化性试验 8

3.  结果与讨论 12

3.1  提取液分析 12

3.2  黄酮和总酚的含量 18

3.3  抗氧化活性 21

结  论 26

参考文献 28

致  谢 30

1.  引言

向日葵为菊科属性的植物，又名朝阳花、转日莲、向阳花、太阳花等。向日葵在世界40多个国家均有一定量分布，在我国，种植地区主要在于黄河以北的省份[1,2]。至2007年我国向日葵的种植面积已经扩张到了102万公顷，而向日葵每年的总产量为192.8万吨[3]。根据相关文献记载，向日葵根可清热祛湿；茎髓有健脾胃、生津止带的作用；茎叶可以清火明目；种子油可以用作药膏的原料；叶与花瓣可以健胃消食。除此之外，花可清热解毒、消肿止痛。